Immune defense mechanisms against a systemic bacterial infection in the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis)

Muñoz, Melanie; Lin, N.; Lin, Rickie; King, Brannen; Brown, D. Lisa

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2022.107850

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Cells survived well and phagocytosed microbes but probably did not include all haemocyte types present in vivo. In fleas, Kozlov et al [ 110 ] identified proleukocytes, leukocytes, trophic cells and oenocytoids while Munoz et al [ 111 ] termed all flea haemocytes as phagocytes and did not distinguish cell types.…”

Section: Vector Cellular Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, in lice, the possibility of haemolymph coagulation is inferred by transcription studies detecting the humoral immune-related genes hemocytin and noduler [ 115 ], since these are associated with sticky fibrous structures exocytosed from granulocytes and nodule formation in other insects [ 117 ]. The presence of haemolymph clotting in fleas has also been implied [ 111 ].…”

Section: Vector Cellular Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The comprehensive studies published on the immune system of the mutants of D. melanogaster provide useful guides for comparison with mosquitoes as does RNA interference (RNAi) utilising the multiple mosquito genome sequences available [ 118 ]. Some modest progress, however, has recently been made in understanding haemocyte-mediated phagocytosis in other vector insects [ 104 , 105 , 110 , 111 , 115 , 119 ].…”

Section: Vector Cellular Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the invasion of the flea haemocoel, salivary glands and other tissues by rickettsial pathogens, such as R. felis and R. typhi , these organs have also been shown to have active immune responses to bacteria [ 111 , 240 , 243 ]. For example, utilising model bacteria injected into the haemolymph of the cat flea.…”

Section: Vector Humoral Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, utilising model bacteria injected into the haemolymph of the cat flea. C. felis , Muñoz et al [ 111 ] found that the haemolymph had enhanced antibacterial activity and increased numbers of haemocytes so that additional studies with pathogens were justified. Likewise, studies on C. felis injected with R. felis and using PCR showed that defensin-2, glycine-rich AMPs and several flea antigens were modulated by rickettsial infection [ 240 ].…”

Section: Vector Humoral Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Immune Reactions of Vector Insects to Parasites and Pathogens

Ratcliffe,

Mello,

Castro

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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This overview initially describes insect immune reactions and then brings together present knowledge of the interactions of vector insects with their invading parasites and pathogens. It is a way of introducing this Special Issue with subsequent papers presenting the latest details of these interactions in each particular group of vectors. Hopefully, this paper will fill a void in the literature since brief descriptions of vector immunity have now been brought together in one publication and could form a starting point for those interested and new to this important area. Descriptions are given on the immune reactions of mosquitoes, blackflies, sandflies, tsetse flies, lice, fleas and triatomine bugs. Cellular and humoral defences are described separately but emphasis is made on the co-operation of these processes in the completed immune response. The paper also emphasises the need for great care in extracting haemocytes for subsequent study as appreciation of their fragile nature is often overlooked with the non-sterile media, smearing techniques and excessive centrifugation sometimes used. The potential vital role of eicosanoids in the instigation of many of the immune reactions described is also discussed. Finally, the priming of the immune system, mainly in mosquitoes, is considered and one possible mechanism is presented.

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Section: Vector Cellular Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vector Cellular Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vector Cellular Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vector Humoral Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vector Humoral Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Immune Reactions of Vector Insects to Parasites and Pathogens

Ratcliffe,

Mello,

Castro

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Vector biology of the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis

Moore,

André,

Šlapeta

et al. 2024

Trends in Parasitology

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Immune Reactions of Vector Insects to Parasites and Pathogens

Ratcliffe,

Mello,

Castro

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This overview initially describes insect immune reactions and then brings together present knowledge of the interactions of vector insects with their invading parasites and pathogens. It is a way of introducing this special issue with subsequent papers presenting the latest details of these interactions in each particular group of vectors. Hopefully, this paper will fill a void in the literature since brief descriptions of vector immunity have now been brought together in one publication and could form a starting point for those interested and new to this important area. Descriptions are given on the immune reactions of mosquitoes, blackflies, sandflies, tsetse flies, lice, fleas and triatomine bugs. Cellular and humoral defences are described separately but emphasis is made on the co-operation of these processes in the completed immune response. The paper also emphasises the need of great care in extracting haemocytes for subsequent study as appreciation of their fragile nature is sometimes overlooked with non-sterile media, smearing techniques and excessive centrifugation sometimes used. The potential vital role of eicosanoids in the instigation of many of the immune reactions described is also discussed. Finally, the priming of the immune system, mainly in mosquitoes, is considered and one possible mechanism is presented

show abstract

Immune defense mechanisms against a systemic bacterial infection in the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis)

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Immune Reactions of Vector Insects to Parasites and Pathogens

Immune Reactions of Vector Insects to Parasites and Pathogens

Vector biology of the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis

Immune Reactions of Vector Insects to Parasites and Pathogens

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