Immune enhancement in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by potential probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus rhamnosus)

Bacteria with Probiotic Capabilities Isolated from the Digestive Tract of the Ornamental Fish Pterophyllum scalare

“…These higher counts indicate that the Bsp2 strain was better to colonize the digestive tract of the fish (p< 0.05) and will thrive as long as this probiotic is provided. Studies performed with aquatic organisms have also shown that, when supplying different strains of probiotics, even if they all colonise, there will always be one strain that dominates or varies its number of cells over time (Gildberg et al, 1997;Ringo and Vadstein, 1998;Ringo & Olsen., 1999;Rengpipat et al, 2000;Nikoskelainen et al, 2003;Gullian et al, 2004;Macey & Coyne, 2006;). When testing the persistence of probiotics in the digestive tract of the fish, the Bps3 strain maintained a higher cell count up to the tenth week after suspending the foodcontaining probiotics.…”

Use of Probiotics in Aquaculture

“…Nikoskelainen and colleagues [36] observed that the administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus at 105 UFC g -1 , stimulated the respiratory burst in rainbow trout.…”

Preventive and Prophylactic Measures in Intensive Salmonid Fish Breeding - a Review

“…Supplementation has proved to provide shortterm benefi ts but generally probionts have not been detected within the GI tract for periods beyond one to three weeks a er reverting to nonsupplemented diets (Robertson et al, 2000;Balcázar et al, 2007b;Panigrahi et al, 2005;Kim and Austin, 2006a) and presumably probiotic benefi ts are lost a er the probiont is removed from the host. Therefore, there appear to be 3 distinct options for administrative strategy: 1) short-term administration limited to times of need, which is eff ective for gastric colonization, stimulating the immune system, and providing protection against disease when fed prior to pathogenic infection (Irianto and Austin, 2002b); 2) constant feed supplementation incorporated into the diet, however, we must consider the possibility that it may not be appropriate to use constant probiotic supplementation for extended periods, similarly as with long-term use of immunostimulants (Sakai, 1999;Bricknell and Dalmo, 2005); or 3) cyclic feeding of supplemented diets for short periods which may provide direct benefi ts of short-term administration during the supplemental feeding phase, and during the unsupplemented stage where gastric probiotic populations persist for a number of weeks (Balcázar et al, 2007a;Kim and Austin, 2006a) it may provide certain protection against transient pathogens and continue to induce some degree of immunostimulation (Nikoskelainen et al, 2003;Balcázar et al, 2007a). Currently, there are no data supporting this hypothesis.…”