Immune function parameters as markers of biological age and predictors of longevity

Toda, Irene Martínez de; Maté, Ianire; Vida, Carmen; Cruces, Julia; Fuente, Mónica De la

doi:10.18632/aging.101116

Cited by 121 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These processes can be deduced to the progressing weakness of immune response. The general immune response really decreases with aging [1], and there are some theories that point to the central role of declining immune system on the general aging as well as to the lifespan [2][3][4]. However, it is not clear that whether the deterioration of the immune system is the cause of the general senescence or it becomes senescent as a part of the general aging of the organism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity and longevity

Csaba

2018

AMicr

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The role of immune system is to protect the organism from the not built-in program-like alterations inside and against the agents penetrating from outside (bacteria, viruses, and protozoa). These functions were developed and formed during the evolution. Considering these functions, the immune system promotes the lengthening of lifespan and helps longevity. However, some immune functions have been conveyed by men to medical tools (e.g., pharmaceuticals, antibiotics, and prevention), especially in our modern age, which help the struggle against microbes, but evolutionarily weaken the immune system. Aging is a gradual slow attrition by autoimmunity, directed by the thymus and regulated by the central nervous system and pineal gland. Considering this, thymus could be a pacemaker of aging. The remodeling of the immune system, which can be observed in elderly people and centenarians, is probably not a cause of aging, but a consequence of it, which helps to suit immunity to the requirements. Oxidative stress also helps the attrition of the immune cells and antioxidants help to prolong lifespan. There are gender differences in the aging of the immune system as well as in the longevity. There is an advantage for women in both cases. This can be explained by hormonal differences (estrogens positively influences both processes); however, social factors are also not excluded. The endocrine disruptor chemicals act similar to estrogens, like stimulating or suppressing immunity and provoking autoimmunity; however, their role in longevity is controversial. There are some drugs (rapamycin, metformin, and selegiline) and antioxidants (as vitamins C and E) that prolong lifespan and also improve immunity. It is difficult to declare that longevity is exclusively dependent on the state of the immune system; however, there is a parallelism between the state of immune system and lifespan. It seems likely that there is not a real decline of immunity during aging, but there is a remodeling of the system according to the claims of senescence. This is manifested in the remaining (sometimes stronger) function of memory cells in contrast to the production and number of the new antigen-reactive naive T-cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity and longevity

Csaba

2018

AMicr

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“…In the corresponding trend lines, best fit is given by exponential curves (see Table 1). Note that positive normalized age difference (BA -CA)/CA corresponds to young, negative difference to elderly participants around CA about 35 years for female and about 45 years for male participants recovered from the blood immunology and dermal and epidermis cell profile (Martínez de Toda et al 2016) are showing very good correspondence. Such difference can be attributed to the impact of the estrogens assumed suppressors of innate immunity (Csaba 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Quantization of the phagocytosis of opsonized sheep erythrocytes by macrophages was done visually under optical microscope by measuring the numbers of monocytes attached to the membrane surface of opsonized sheep erythrocytes (membrane-bound monocytes) and the number of monocytes that have ingested opsonized sheep erythrocytes (monocyte-ingested erythrocytes), as a percentage of the overall monocyte numbers. Mastocyte count measurement was incorporated into the experimental procedure as their levels were shown to decrease with aging in animal experiments (Benjamin 1947;Voitenko and Tokar 1983;Hart et al 1999;Martínez de Toda et al 2016;Kang et al 2017;Csaba 2019;Fahy et al 2019).…”

Section: Assessment Of the Immune System Statementioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, it is accepted that multiparameter (multimarker)-based methods are the best candidates for the development of aging criteria, in particular the criteria of skin aging (e.g., Voitenko and Tokar 1983; Alonso-Fernández and de la Fuente 2011; Castelo-Branco and Soveral 2014; Martínez de Toda et al 2016; Kang et al 2017;Csaba 2019;Fahy et al 2019). Recent research makes use of an old concept of biologic age (Benjamin 1947), suggesting introduction of a cumulative factor including multiple parameters related to aging process (e.g., Voitenko and Tokar 1983;Klemera and Doubal 2006;Gruenewald et al 2006; Alonso-Fernández and de la Fuente 2011; Castelo-Branco and Soveral 2014; Belsky et al 2015;Belsky et al 2017;Martínez de Toda et al 2016;Kang et al 2017;Csaba 2019;Fahy et al 2019). Modern approach to the calculation of biologic age (BA) incorporates a number of objectively measurable and quantifiable parameters including body mass index, arterial pressure, different cardiorespiratory parameters, blood cholesterol levels and white blood cell counts, urea composition, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different researchers utilize different sets of parameters and different expressions, but one can outline few common conclusions. Firstly, in the groups of individuals with the same chronologic age (CA; age according to the year of birth), biologic age is covering the values from far lower to far higher than the chronologic age (Voitenko and Tokar 1983; Alonso-Fernández and de la Fuente 2011; Castelo-Branco and Soveral 2014; Belsky et al 2015;Trojahn et al 2015;Belsky et al 2017;Martínez de Toda et al 2016;Kang et al 2017;Csaba 2019;Fahy et al 2019). Basing on a study of calculated biologic age for individuals with the same chronologic age and significant difference of BA and CA, it was found that a pace of aging is increasing with increasing chronologic age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Difference between the biologic and chronologic age as an individualized indicator for the skin care intensity selection: skin topography and immune system state studies, parameter correlations with age difference

Sukhovei¹,

Kostolomova²,

Unger³

et al. 2019

biomed dermatol

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Background: Present research addresses the issue of skin aging and corresponding skin treatment individualization. Particular research question was on the developing of simplified criterion supporting patient-specific decision on the necessity and intensity of skin treatment. Basing on the published results and a wide pool of experimental data, we have formulated a hypothesis that a difference between biologic and chronologic age can be used as an express criterion of skin aging. Methods: In present paper, we report the results of studies with 80 volunteers between 15 and 65 years of age, linking parameters reflecting immune state, skin state, and topography to the difference between biologic and chronologic age. Facial skin topography, skin moisture, sebum level, and skin elasticity were studied using commercial devices. Blood immunology studies were performed using venous blood samples. Correlations between all measured parameters and age difference were calculated. Also, cross correlations between skin cell profile and blood immune profile parameters, and skin roughness parameters were calculated. Results: Age dependencies of the blood immunological parameters on the biologic and chronologic age difference are less pronounced as compared to the changes in skin cell profile parameters. However, the changes in the tendencies when biologic age becomes equal to chronologic one are visible for all studied parameters. All measured skin roughness parameters show correlations with age difference, but average skin roughness and depth of the deepest profile valley have the largest correlation coefficient values. Many of the measured skin cell profile and blood immunology parameters show strong correlations with average skin roughness and deepest profile valley, with some of the coefficients exceeding 0.5-0.6. Conclusions: Basing on own experiments and published research results, it is possible to suggest using the difference between calculated biologic age and chronologic age as an individualized criterion supporting decisions on skin treatment strategy. Further research involving larger numbers of participants and aiming on optimizing the expressions for calculating biologic age could lead to reliable and easily available express criterion supporting the decision making for an individualized skin treatment.

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Single‐Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Longevity Immune Remodeling Features Shared by Centenarians and Their Offspring

et al. 2022

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Centenarians, who show mild infections and low incidence of tumors, are the optimal model to investigate healthy aging. However, longevity related immune characteristics has not been fully revealed largely due to lack of appropriate controls. In this study, single-cell transcriptomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from seven centenarians (CEN), six centenarians' offspring (CO), and nine offspring spouses or neighbors (Control, age-matched to CO) are performed to investigate the shared immune features between CEN and CO. The results indicate that among all 12 T cell clusters, the cytotoxic-phenotype-clusters (CPC) and the naïve-phenotype-clusters (NPC) significantly change between CEN and ontrol. Compared to Control, both CEN and CO are characterized by depleted NPC and increased CPC, which is dominated by CD8 + T cells. Furthermore, CPC from CEN and CO share enhanced signaling pathways and transcriptional factors associated with immune response, and possesse similar T-cell-receptor features, such as high clonal expansion. Interestingly, rather than a significant increase in GZMK + CD8 cells during aging, centenarians show accumulation of GZMB + and CMC1 + CD8 T cells. Collectively, this study unveils an immune remodeling pattern reflected by both quantitative increase and functional reinforcement of cytotoxic T cells which are essential for healthy aging.

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Immune function parameters as markers of biological age and predictors of longevity

Cited by 121 publications

References 38 publications

Immunity and longevity

Immunity and longevity

Difference between the biologic and chronologic age as an individualized indicator for the skin care intensity selection: skin topography and immune system state studies, parameter correlations with age difference

Single‐Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Longevity Immune Remodeling Features Shared by Centenarians and Their Offspring

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