Immune pathogenesis of COVID-19–related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Rowley, Anne H.; Shulman, Stanford T.; Arditi, Moshe

doi:10.1172/jci143840

Cited by 70 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…While gastrointestinal symptoms tend to dominate the presentation of MIS-C patients, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea are uncommon in conventional KD or KS (i.e., those cases that are not associated with SARS-CoV-2) [67] . Other differences between MIS-C and KD have also started to emerge.…”

Section: Preamblementioning

confidence: 99%

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adults (MIS-C/A): Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data

Vogel

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Karatzios

et al. 2021

Vaccine

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This is a Brighton Collaboration Case Definition of the term “Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Adults (MIS-C/A)” to be utilized in the evaluation of adverse events following immunization. The case definition was developed by topic experts convened by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) in the context of active development of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. The format of the Brighton Collaboration was followed, including an exhaustive review of the literature, to develop a consensus definition and defined levels of certainty. The document underwent peer review by the Brighton Collaboration Network and by selected expert external reviewers prior to submission. The comments of the reviewers were taken into consideration and edits incorporated into this final manuscript.

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Section: Preamblementioning

confidence: 99%

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adults (MIS-C/A): Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data

Vogel

Top

Karatzios

et al. 2021

Vaccine

210

252

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“… 3 4 Notably, despite clinical manifestations that mimicked Kawasaki disease (KD) and the fact that KD is more common among Asian ethnicities, there had been no report of MIS-C from Asian countries, including China. 5 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Early Recognition, Timely Management, and the Role of Healthcare Providers in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

2021

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In April 2020, a pediatric report of an unusual inflammatory illness associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) led to similar cases in Europe and North America, which was referred to as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Herein, we describe the case of a 12-year-old boy who had a history of polymerase chain reactionconfirmed COVID-19 and developed MIS-C approximately three weeks after an initial diagnosis of COVID-19. High fever with abdominal pain mimicking appendicitis was the initial manifestation of MIS-C, which could have been easily missed if the patient's history of COVID-19 was ignored. Intravenous immunoglobulin was administered twice, 24 hours apart, five days after the onset of MIS-C, and the patient fully recovered without any obvious sequelae. Early recognition by disease awareness and prompt management are the keys to saving the lives of children affected by MIS-C.

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“…Children with COVID-19 have milder symptoms predominantly limited to the upper respiratory tract. However, a rare multisystem inflammatory syndrome has been described in some children with COVID-19 ( Rowley et al, 2020 ). Impaired type I interferon response was shown to be involved in patients with life-threatening COVID-19 ( Bastard et al, 2020 ; Zhang Q. et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemics Throughout History

2021

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The emergence and spread of infectious diseases with pandemic potential occurred regularly throughout history. Major pandemics and epidemics such as plague, cholera, flu, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have already afflicted humanity. The world is now facing the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many infectious diseases leading to pandemics are caused by zoonotic pathogens that were transmitted to humans due to increased contacts with animals through breeding, hunting and global trade activities. The understanding of the mechanisms of transmission of pathogens to humans allowed the establishment of methods to prevent and control infections. During centuries, implementation of public health measures such as isolation, quarantine and border control helped to contain the spread of infectious diseases and maintain the structure of the society. In the absence of pharmaceutical interventions, these containment methods have still been used nowadays to control COVID-19 pandemic. Global surveillance programs of water-borne pathogens, vector-borne diseases and zoonotic spillovers at the animal-human interface are of prime importance to rapidly detect the emergence of infectious threats. Novel technologies for rapid diagnostic testing, contact tracing, drug repurposing, biomarkers of disease severity as well as new platforms for the development and production of vaccines are needed for an effective response in case of pandemics.

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Immune pathogenesis of COVID-19–related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Cited by 70 publications

References 28 publications

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adults (MIS-C/A): Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adults (MIS-C/A): Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data

The Importance of Early Recognition, Timely Management, and the Role of Healthcare Providers in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Pandemics Throughout History

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