Immune-related adverse events and immune checkpoint inhibitors: a focus on neurotoxicity and clinical management

Ruggiero, Rosanna; Napoli, Raffaella Di; Balzano, Nunzia; Ruggiero, Donatella; Riccardi, Consiglia; Anatriello, Antonietta; Cantone, Andrea; Sportiello, Liberata; Rossi, Francesco; Capuano, Annalisa

doi:10.1080/17512433.2023.2211262

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Despite the limitations associated with the spontaneous reporting system, it can represent an immediate methodological approach for the evaluation of potential sex and gender differences in terms of drug safety ( Ruggiero et al, 2020 ; Ruggiero et al, 2022 ; Ruggiero et al, 2023 ). However, the identification and evaluation of differences in ADRs between men and women are still poorly known and sometimes controversial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and gender differences and pharmacovigilance: a knot still to be untied

Sportiello,

Capuano

2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and gender differences and pharmacovigilance: a knot still to be untied

Sportiello,

Capuano

2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…In addition to aforementioned compilations, there is a potential of other system disorders, such as encephalitis and meningitis, belonging to central nervous system diseases, presenting with fever ( 136 ). Because these adverse effects occur relatively less, they are inadequately documented and the potential mechanism still waits for further exploration ( 137 , 138 ). Notably, they can result in poor prognosis, even fatality, which should not be overlooked in clinical practice ( 139 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fever of unknown origin associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors

Tong,

Zhan,

Dong

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Since the approval for the treatment of melanoma in 2014, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the therapy pattern across various malignancies. Coinciding with their frequent usage, their adverse effects, including fever, cannot be neglected. In the context of cancer diseases and cancer treatments, fever of unknown origin (FUO), which has long posed a challenge for clinicians in terms of diagnosis and management, brings forth new connotation and significance. In this paper review, we present the concept of ICIs-associated FUO, consider activated immune system and elevated cytokines as common mechanisms by which ICIs induce fever and various immune-related adverse events (irAEs), summarize and compare the primary etiologies of ICI-associated FUO, and compare it with conventional types of FUO.

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“…IgG1 facilitates recognition of pathogenic antigens and can recognize PD-L1 expressed on the surface of tumor cells ( 69 ). The well-known PD-L1 inhibitors include avelumab, durvalumab, and atezolizumab ( 54 , 70 ). Numerous clinical studies have found that although some tumors show high PD-L1 expression ( 71 ), PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies do not offer optimal therapeutic effect.…”

Section: Icismentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontiers and future of immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer: from molecular mechanisms to clinical application

Zheng,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignant tumor, that is becoming increasingly common in recent years. Despite advances in intensive treatment modalities including surgery, radiotherapy, biological therapy, and targeted therapy, the overall survival rate has not significantly improved in patients with pancreatic cancer. This may be attributed to the insidious onset, unknown pathophysiology, and poor prognosis of the disease. It is therefore essential to identify and develop more effective and safer treatments for pancreatic cancer. Tumor immunotherapy is the new and fourth pillar of anti-tumor therapy after surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Significant progress has made in the use of immunotherapy for a wide variety of malignant tumors in recent years; a breakthrough has also been made in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. This review describes the advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, oncolytic virus, and matrix-depletion therapies for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. At the same time, some new potential biomarkers and potential immunotherapy combinations for pancreatic cancer are discussed. The molecular mechanisms of various immunotherapies have also been elucidated, and their clinical applications have been highlighted. The current challenges associated with immunotherapy and proposed strategies that hold promise in overcoming these limitations have also been discussed, with the aim of offering new insights into immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer.

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Immune-related adverse events and immune checkpoint inhibitors: a focus on neurotoxicity and clinical management

Cited by 6 publications

References 96 publications

Sex and gender differences and pharmacovigilance: a knot still to be untied

Sex and gender differences and pharmacovigilance: a knot still to be untied

Fever of unknown origin associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors

Frontiers and future of immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer: from molecular mechanisms to clinical application

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