Immune response against toxoplasma and sarcoscystis infections in ruminants : diagnosis and prospects for vaccination

Uggla, A.; Buxton, D.

doi:10.20506/rst.9.2.502

Cited by 46 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…It has been assumed that sheep infected with a complete isolate of T. gondii will remain persistently infected for whole life (Uggla and Buxton 1990). Tissue cysts have a high affinity for neural and muscular tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular survey of Toxoplasma infection in sheep and goat from Fars province, Southern Iran

Asgari

Sarnevesht

Kalantari

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Toxoplasmosis is a widespread zoonotic disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality in human fetus and in immunocompromised patients. Moreover, it becomes a major cause of abortion in sheep and goats. Since consumption of meat of infected lamb and goat is considered as the main sources of human infection in Iran, this study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in edible tissues of sheep and goats in Shiraz in 2008. Samples of brain, tongue, liver, and muscles of neck, intercostals, and femoral were taken from 56 sheep and 22 goats and tested by PCR. The total prevalence of Toxoplasma infection among animals was found to be 33.3%. Five out of 22 goats (22.7%) and 21 out of 56 sheep (37.5%) were infected by Toxoplasma. Differences between the prevalence rate of infection among females (nine out of 14 = 46%) and males animals (12 out of 45 = 29.5%) was significant (P = 0.013). Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between the age of animals and the rate of infection; animals greater than 2 years old showed a higher rate of infection (47%) in comparison with those less than 2 years old (25%, P = 0.04). The highest infected tissue was tongue (21.8%) followed by brain (19.2%) and femoral and intercostal muscles (17.9%). This study demonstrated a high level of Toxoplasma infection in slaughtered animals in Shiraz and these should be considered as the main sources of infection for human population in the region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular survey of Toxoplasma infection in sheep and goat from Fars province, Southern Iran

Asgari

Sarnevesht

Kalantari

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…gigantea and S. medusiformis are non‐pathogenic (Heckeroth & Tenter, ; Tenter, ), while S. tenella is considered as the most widespread and pathogenic in the sheep Sarcocystis species. This species causes fever, anaemia and loss of appetite, thus contributing to decrease in productivity (Uggla & Buxton, ). Abortion and neurological symptoms, including hindlimb weakness, ataxia and paresis, were also described (Dubey, Speer, Munday, & Lipscomb, ; Hamir et al., ; Jeffrey, O'Toole, Smith, & Bridges, ; O'Toole, Jeffrey, Challoner, Maybey, & Welch, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First detection and molecular identification of Sarcocystis spp. in small ruminants in North-West Tunisia

Amairia

Amdouni

Rouatbi

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Sarcocystosis is a parasitic disease caused by varying Sarcocystis species infecting humans and animals. It is commonly found in small ruminants causing pathogenic effects. This contributes to detrimental economic loss for local farmers and the local economy due this disease. Although the distribution of Sarcocystis can be found all over the world, the species infecting small ruminants in Tunisia is still unknown. Through this study, we aim to estimate the molecular prevalence of natural infection with Sarcocystis spp. in sheep and goats using molecular identification. Also, phylogenetic analyses were used to identify the different species of this parasite infecting small ruminants in northern Tunisia for the first time. DNA was extracted from 198 and 121, sheep and goats meat samples, respectively. The molecular prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. in sheep and goats was 58.6% (116/198) and 50.4% (61/121), respectively. Compared to the Noire de Thibar and cross-breeds, the Barbarine sheep had the highest infection prevalence (63.4%) (p = .004). Five of the 116 positive samples were sequenced identifying Sarcocystis tenella from sheep. For goats, the sequencing results showed that five positive PCR products belonged to Sarcocystis capracanis species.

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“…Sarcocystosis and neosporosis can be diagnosed by several serologic methods, with the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) being the most commonly used (Dubey and Schares 2006;Tadros and Laarman 1982;Uggla and Buxton 1990). For Sarcocystis, both serological tests are genus specific with cross reactions among several species (Tadros and Laarman 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic profiles for Sarcocystis sp. and Neospora caninum and productive performance in naturally infected beef calves

et al. 2010

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Sarcocystis sp. and Neospora caninum infections affect cattle worldwide causing important economic losses. The objective of the present study was to trace serologic profiles for Sarcocystis sp. and N. caninum in naturally infected beef calves and analyze their relationship with transmission routes and productive performance. Samples were collected in two cow-calf operations located in Buenos Aires province, Argentina. In farm 1, 43 calves were bled and weighed three times. In farm 2, 69 calves were bled and weighed six times. Sarcocystis sp. and N. caninum immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) titers were averaged for each sampling point in order to trace serologic profiles for each infection. Categories were created to evaluate differences in daily weight gain. For S. cruzi antigen, animals were separated in a low-titer (< or = 200) and high-titer group (>200); for N. caninum, animals were grouped as infected and uninfected. Sarcocystis sp. antibody titer as well as the number of infected animals increased gradually over time in both farms. In farm 2 the low-titer group had significantly higher daily weight gain than the high-titer group. For N. caninum 44% (farm 1) and 65% (farm 2) of calves were considered infected, and the serological profile was horizontal or decreasing over time. However, seroprevalence increased in both farms and vertical and horizontal transmission frequency were estimated between 18.5%-29% and 22-25.5%, respectively. No differences were detected in daily weight gain between N. caninum groups from both farms. This is the first report of serological profiles for Sarcocystis sp. and N. caninum by IFAT in naturally infected beef calves and their relationship to different transmission routes and productive performance.

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Immune response against toxoplasma and sarcoscystis infections in ruminants : diagnosis and prospects for vaccination

Cited by 46 publications

References 103 publications

Molecular survey of Toxoplasma infection in sheep and goat from Fars province, Southern Iran

Molecular survey of Toxoplasma infection in sheep and goat from Fars province, Southern Iran

First detection and molecular identification of Sarcocystis spp. in small ruminants in North-West Tunisia

Serologic profiles for Sarcocystis sp. and Neospora caninum and productive performance in naturally infected beef calves

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