Immune response and protective efficacy of intramuscular and intradermal vaccination with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 (PRRSV-1) modified live vaccine against highly pathogenic PRRSV-2 (HP-PRRSV-2) challenge, either alone or in combination with of PRRSV-1

Madapong, Adthakorn; Saeng‐chuto, Kepalee; Chaikhumwang, Puwich; Saardrak, Kriangsak; Sanz, Rafael Pedrazuela; Alvarez, Joel Miranda; Nilubol, Dachrit

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108655

Cited by 30 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The ID-vaccinated pigs showed a signi cantly higher IFN-γ-SC than that of the IM-vaccinated pigs. These ndings are in agreement with previous reports in which the ID-vaccinated pigs induce relatively more IFN-γ-SC than that of the IM-vaccinated pigs 14,20,25 . One factor probable committing to this nding is the presence of skin-resident immune cells capable of su ciently capture antigens directly from the skin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In agreement with our previous study, antibody response against PRRSV following vaccination with PP was delayed which reached above the cut-off levels at 21 DPV 17 . The differences in the induction of PRRSV speci c antibody response as measured by ELISA between IM and ID vaccinated pigs and are in accordance with ndings from previous studies 20,25 . The mechanisms responsible for the induction of humoral immune response were not fully understood but the speci c virus isolate used for the vaccines might play an important role.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The RNA quality was measured using a NanoDrop spectrophotometer (Colibri spectrometer, Titertek Berthold, Pforzheim, Germany). Copy number of PRRSV RNA in serum was quanti ed using probed-based real-time PCR as previously described 20 . The reaction was carried out in QuantStudio 3 Real-time PCR machine (Thermo-Fisher Scienti c, MA, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety of PRRSV-2 Vaccines Vaccination via Intramuscularly or Intradermally Routes and Evaluation of PRRSV Transmission and the Induction of Immune Response Between Needle- Free and Conventional Needle

Madapong

Saeng‐chuto

Tantituvanont

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Two separated experiments (Exp) were conducted to evaluate the shedding and efficacy of 2 modified live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) type 2 vaccines (MLV) when administered intramuscularly (IM) or intradermally (ID) (Exp A), and the potential of PRRSV transmission using a needle-free device (Exp B). 154, castrated-male, pigs were procured from a PRRSV-free herd. In Exp A, 112 pigs were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 21 pigs including IM/Ingelvac MLV (G1), IM/Prime Pac (G2), ID/Prime Pac (G3), and non-vaccination (G4). G1 was IM vaccinated once with Ingelvac PRRS MLV (Ing) (Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany). G2 and G3 were IM and ID vaccinated once with Prime Pac PRRS (PP) (MSD Animal Health, The Netherlands), respectively. Following vaccination, an antibody response, IFN-γ-SC, and IL-10 were monitored. Sera, tonsils, nasal swabs, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), urines, and feces were collected from 3 vaccinated pigs each week to 42 days post-vaccination (DPV) and assayed for the presence of PRRSV using virus isolation and PCR. Age-matched sentinels were introduced weekly into vaccinated groups from 0 to 42 DPV and monitored for seroconversion. In Exp B, pigs were randomly allocated into 5 groups of 3 pigs each including IM/High (T1), ID/High (T2), IM/Low (T3), ID/Low (T4), and NoChal. The T1 and T2, and T3 and T4 groups were intranasally challenged with HP-PRRSV-2 at high (106) and low (103 TCID50/ml) doses, respectively. At 7 days post-challenge (DPC), T1 and T2, and T3 and T4 groups were IM and ID injected with Diluvac Forte using needles and a needless device (IDAL 3G, MSD Animal Health, The Netherlands), respectively. Same needles or devices were used to inject the same volume of Diluvac Forte into sentinel pigs. Seroconversion of sentinels was evaluated. The results demonstrated that PP vaccinated groups (G2 and G3), regardless of the route of vaccination, had ELISA response significantly lower than G1 at 7 and 14 DPV. PP-vaccinated groups (G2 and G3) had significantly higher IFN-γ-SC and lower IL-10 compared to the Ing-vaccinated group (G1). Based on IM, 2 different MLV had different virus distribution and shedding patterns. PP-vaccinated pigs had significantly shortened viremia than the Ing-vaccinated pigs. However, ID-vaccinated pigs had lower virus distribution in organs without virus shedding to sentinel pigs. In Exp B, ID-injected sentinel pigs had no seroconversion compared to IM-injected sentinel pigs regardless of the challenge dose. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that ID vaccination might represent an alternative to improve vaccine efficacy and safety, and may be able to reduce the shedding of vaccine viruses and reduce the iatrogenic transfer of pathogens between animals with shared needles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Safety of PRRSV-2 Vaccines Vaccination via Intramuscularly or Intradermally Routes and Evaluation of PRRSV Transmission and the Induction of Immune Response Between Needle- Free and Conventional Needle

Madapong

Saeng‐chuto

Tantituvanont

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…PRRSV has been epidemic more than 20 years in China, and administration of PRRSV vaccines has provided an e cient protection from the virus infection by reducing clinical signs, decreasing viremia and shortening duration of viral shedding [9]. To date, the existing commercial vaccines, mostly known as modi ed live attenuated viruses, provide the greatest levels of protection [10]. However, the attenuated vaccines fall short in a variety of areas [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalences of Classical Swine Fever Virus and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Pigs in Hunan Province, China

Zhang

Cai

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Several infectious diseases including classical swine fever (CSF) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are responsible for major economic losses and represent a threat to the swine industry worldwide. Hunan is a province in south-central China, serological statistics will have certain effect on local breeding industry.The present study investigated the seroprevalences of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in pigs from eight cities of Hunan province from 2017 to 2019. The samples were divided into two groups based on whether the hosts were immunized or not, and analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: The seropositivity of CSFV and PRRSV between different parts of Hunan province in China was statistically significant. In unvaccinated group, our findings showed CSFV antibody in piglets' sera decreases gradually with increase of piglets' age whereas PRRSV-specific antibodies may appear in various growth stages. In immunized group, the average seropositive rate of CSFV antibody was 82.2%, while the rate of PRRSV antibody was relatively higher (84.4%).Conclusions: Results from this study suggested that a serological investigation on these two major infectious diseases (CSF and PRRS) among various growth stages of pigs will provide a basis for further development of more effective preventions and control measures.

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“…PRRSV has been epidemic for more than 20 years in China, and the administration of PRRSV vaccines has provided e cient protection from the virus by reducing clinical signs, decreasing viremia and shortening the duration of viral shedding [9]. To date, the existing commercial vaccines, mostly consisting of modi ed live attenuated viruses, provide the greatest levels of protection [10]. However, attenuated vaccines fall short in a variety of areas [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalences of classical swine fever virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pigs in Hunan Province, China

Yu¹,

Zhang²,

Cai³

et al. 2020

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Background: Classical swine fever (CSF) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are responsible for major economic losses and represent a threat to the swine industry worldwide. Routine surveillance serology for CSF and PRRS will be critical to maintain the health status of sow farms in Hunan Province, which is one of the top pig production provinces in China.The objective of our study was to investigate the seroprevalence of CSF virus (CSFV) and PRRS virus (PRRSV) in Hunan Province from 2017 to 2019 using ELISA. The cohort pig serum samples were collected from vaccinated and unvaccinated sow farms in eight cities in Hunan Province. Results: CSFV and PRRSV seropositivity showed significant differences among parts of Hunan Province in China. Interestingly, our findings show that the level of CSFV antibody in piglet sera decreases gradually with increasing piglet age, whereas PRRSV-specific antibodies may appear in various growth stages in unvaccinated animals. Meanwhile, the average rate of CSFV antibody seropositivity was 82.2%, while the rate of PRRSV antibody seropositivity was slightly higher (84.4%) in the immunized group.Conclusions: The results from this study suggest that a serological investigation of these two major infectious diseases (CSF and PRRS) among pigs at various growth stages will provide a basis for the further development of more effective prevention and control measures.

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Immune response and protective efficacy of intramuscular and intradermal vaccination with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 (PRRSV-1) modified live vaccine against highly pathogenic PRRSV-2 (HP-PRRSV-2) challenge, either alone or in combination with of PRRSV-1

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Safety of PRRSV-2 Vaccines Vaccination via Intramuscularly or Intradermally Routes and Evaluation of PRRSV Transmission and the Induction of Immune Response Between Needle- Free and Conventional Needle

Safety of PRRSV-2 Vaccines Vaccination via Intramuscularly or Intradermally Routes and Evaluation of PRRSV Transmission and the Induction of Immune Response Between Needle- Free and Conventional Needle

Seroprevalences of Classical Swine Fever Virus and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Pigs in Hunan Province, China

Seroprevalences of classical swine fever virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pigs in Hunan Province, China

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