Immune response of lambs to experimental infection with Orf virus

Yirrell, David; Reid, HW; Norval, Mary; Howie, Sarah

doi:10.1016/0165-2427(89)90168-2

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Mortality is usually low; however, lesions in lips and udders may prevent affected animals from suckling, which can result in rapid emaciation (39). In spite of a vigorous and typical antiviral T-helper type 1 (Th1) immune response, immunity elicited by ORFV is short-lived, and animals can be repeatedly infected, albeit lesions are smaller and resolve sooner than in primary infections (28,40,69). Orf is a zoonotic disease, affecting humans in close contact with infected animals (17,44,55).…”

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confidence: 99%

A Novel Inhibitor of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway Encoded by the Parapoxvirus Orf Virus

Diel

Delhon

Luo

et al. 2010

J Virol

102

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Inhibitor of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway Encoded by the Parapoxvirus Orf Virus

Diel

Delhon

Luo

et al. 2010

J Virol

102

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“…Proc Ann Meet USAHA 513-524). 32 Cases of persistent orf in goats with severe, generalized skin lesions have been described. 25 Here, an outbreak of severe, persistent orf that involved multiple goats in 2 different locations in west Texas is described.…”

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Severe Persistent Orf in Young Goats

et al. 2003

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Abstract. Orf (contagious ecthyma) is a viral disease of small and wild ruminants, humans, and less frequently other species. In sheep and goats, the disease is characterized by the formation of vesiculo-proliferative lesions in the skin of lips and nostril. Here, a form of generalized orf in 16 goat kids from 2 different locations in west Texas is described. The disease was characterized by multifocal, severe, proliferative dermatitis that persisted from about 2 months of age until the goat kids were euthanized 3 months later. All affected goats were Boer or Boer crosses under 1 year of age. The mean immunoglobulin concentration in sera of affected goats was elevated compared with healthy control goats. Severe to moderate lymphadenomegaly of the nodes draining the areas of the skin affected with orf lesions was present in all 16 goat kids. Suppurative arthritis, chronic fibrinous pneumonia, and premature thymic involution were found in 3, 5, and 7 of the goat kids, respectively. The skin lesions of 3 goat kids were infested with larvae of the opportunistic black garbage fly (Ophira sp.). The orf virus was identified in skin lesions by isolation in Marbin-Darby ovine kidney cells, electron microscopy, and amplification of viral DNA by polymerase chain reaction. The orf virus was not detected in peripheral blood or lymph node mononuclear cells of any of the goats. Cross-neutralization experiments showed that an ovine orf virus antiserum raised in sheep was more effective in neutralizing a sheep orf virus isolate than a caprine orf virus isolate. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of these orf cases may be the result of susceptibility factors within some individuals of the Boer breed of goats.

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“…The preputial mucosa is structurally more similar to the skin than to a mucosa. However, the presence of IgG-containing cells in the skin may only be expected in dermatitis conditions, since the prevailing lymphocytes in the skin are type T lymphocytes (McKeever & Reid 1987, Yirrell et al 1989, Bos & Kapsenberg 1993. Apparently, the lymphoid tissue and the epithelium itself do not show the same distribution in all preputial portions, and no lymphoid tissue organized in nodules is found in the fornix, as occurs in the mucocutaneous junction (Acosta-Dibarrat et al 2003); this same variability has been reported in bulls (Flower et al 1982).…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of immune response cells in the pelvic urethra and the prepuce of rams

et al. 2014

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ABSTRACT.-Acosta-Dibarrat J., Buendía-Jimenez. A., Soriano-Vargas E., Oca-Jiménez R.M. & Tórtora-Pérez J. 2014. Distribution of immune response cells in the pelvic urethra and the prepuce of rams. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(3):270-276. Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Km 15.5 Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, C.P. 50100, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, México. E-mail: jpacosta00@hotmail.comThe pathogens of the reproductive system in the male can penetrate and establish by ascending route, from to the prepuce to the urethra, accessory glands, epididymis and testicles. The aim of this paper is determine the distribution and number of cells involved in the immune response in prepuce and pelvic urethra of rams, without apparent clinical alterations in testicle, epididymis and prepuce. The distribution of some of the cells involved in the immune response at the level of the prepuce and the pelvic urethra was quantified in four one-year-old rams seronegative for B. ovis and A. seminis and without apparent lesions in the testicles, the epididymis, and the prepuce. At the moment of slaughter, samples were taken from the preputial fornix and the pelvic urethra and placed in 10% formalin and under freezing conditions. CD4, CD8, WC1, CD45RO, CD14 and CD1b cells were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, and immunoglobulin-containing cells (ICC) of the IgA, IgG and IgM classes were demonstrated by immunofluorescence. The labeled cells present in the mucosa of both organs were counted with an image analyzer. The total number of cells was compared between both tissues and differentially between the epithelium and the connective tissue of the mucosa. Significant differences were found in the total number of CD4, CD45RO, and WC1 lymphocytes, in CD14 macrophages, and CD1b dendritic cells, with mean values being greater in the fornix than in the urethra (p<0.05) in all cases. Only dendritic cells were found in the prepuce. No differences were found in the number of CD8 lymphocytes between both organs. The ratio between each cell type in the connective and the intraepithelial tissues and between organs was 10/1 for CD4 in the fornix (p<0.05), against 7/1 in the urethra (p<0.05), while CD8 had a 1/1 distribution in both mucosae. The WC1 ratio was 5/1 in both mucosae (p<0.05). CD45RO labeling was 19/1 in the prepuce (p<0.05) and 1/1 in the urethra. IgA-containing cells did not show differences in the total number of cells in both tissues. In the urethra, no IgG-containing cells were observed and IgM-containing cells were scarce; in contrast, both cell types were present in the prepuce, in amounts greater than in the urethra (p<0.05). IgA-, IgG-, and IgM--containing cells were located in both organs in the mucosal connective tissue. The presence of antigen-presenting cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, as well as of lymphocytes CD4, CD8 TCR γδ (WC1), IgA-, IgG and IgM positive cells, and CD45RO cells suggests that ...

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Immune response of lambs to experimental infection with Orf virus

Cited by 46 publications

References 6 publications

A Novel Inhibitor of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway Encoded by the Parapoxvirus Orf Virus

A Novel Inhibitor of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway Encoded by the Parapoxvirus Orf Virus

Severe Persistent Orf in Young Goats

Distribution of immune response cells in the pelvic urethra and the prepuce of rams

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