Immune response of the Antarctic bivalve Laternula elliptica to physical stress and microbial exposure

Husmann, Gunnar; Philipp, Eva; Rosenstiel, Philip; Vázquez, Susana; Abele, Doris

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2010.12.013

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Similarly, mechanical disturbance (shaking) reduced hemocyte abundance and oxidative burst activity in abalones Haliotis tuberculata and blue mussels Mytilus edulis (Bussell et al 2008;Malham et al 2003). In contrast, increased hemocyte numbers were observed in response to shell injury in deep-sea vent mussels Bathymodiolus azoricus (Kadar 2008) and in the Antarctic clam L. elliptica (Husmann et al 2011). This difference in response may be due to the fact that shell injury causes a major breach in animal integrity, while starvation may produce energetic trade-offs in animal biochemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, differential food quality was found to influence phagocytotic activities, ROS production, and abundance of free-floating hemocytes in Crassostrea gigas and Ruditapes philippinarum (Delaporte et al 2003(Delaporte et al , 2006. In large-sized Laternula elliptica, reduced hemocyte numbers were detected in animals subjected to starvation treatments compared to constant feeding (Husmann et al 2011). Further, in the clam R. philippinarum (Oubella et al 1993) and the Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea glomerata, starvation reduced hemocyte numbers and decreased phenol oxidase, peroxidase, and acid phosphatase activities (Butt et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cellular reactions include phagocytosis and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) ("oxidative burst"). These are mediated by the hemocytes (Donaghy et al 2009;Husmann et al 2011;Pruzzo et al 2005). These cells have key functions not only in immunity but also in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is important to note that the immunocompetence of bivalves is related to general ecological factors such as temperature, salinity, and food availability (Fisher et al 1987;Hawley and Altizer 2011;Butt et al 2007;Hegaret et al 2004). It is also affected by artificially induced stressors such as injury and mechanical disturbance (Husmann et al 2011;Ballarin et al 2003) or xenobiotics and pollution (Oliver et al 2001;Chu et al 2002). Indeed, the latter was found to promote viral, bacterial, and protozoan diseases, potentially causing extensive mass mortalities in bivalves (Morley 2010;Beaz-Hidalgo et al 2010;Hawley and Altizer 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, they are reported to be more sensitive to increased water temperatures ) and have a more limited ability to reburrow into the sediment when unearthed by icebergs Peck et al 2004;Philipp et al 2011). They also exhibit lower oxidative defense capacities and higher levels of oxidative damage (Philipp et al 2005a), and their hemocytes are less able to mount an oxidative burst response compared to hemocytes of younger specimens (Husmann et al 2011). If this differing physiological fitness and increased sensitivity to environmental challenge found in older animals lead to selective mortality in the corresponding age classes, it is expected that the age and size structure of L. elliptica populations will change in the near future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-dependent expression of stress and antimicrobial genes in the hemocytes and siphon tissue of the Antarctic bivalve, Laternula elliptica, exposed to injury and starvation

Husmann

Abele

Rosenstiel

et al. 2014

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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Increasing temperatures and glacier melting at the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) are causing rapid changes in shallow coastal and shelf systems. Climate change-related rising water temperatures, enhanced ice scouring, as well as coastal sediment runoff, in combination with changing feeding conditions and microbial community composition, will affect all elements of the nearshore benthic ecosystem, a major component of which is the Antarctic soft-shelled clam Laternula elliptica. A 454-based RNA sequencing was carried out on tissues and hemocytes of L. elliptica, resulting in 42,525 contigs, of which 48 % was assigned putative functions. Changes in the expression of putative stress response genes were then investigated in hemocytes and siphon tissue of young and old animals subjected to starvation and injury experiments in order to investigate their response to sedimentation (food dilution and starvation) and iceberg scouring (injury). Analysis of antioxidant defense (Le-SOD and Lecatalase), wound repair (Le-TIMP and Le-chitinase), and stress and immune response (Le-HSP70, Le-actin, and Letheromacin) genes revealed that most transcripts were more clearly affected by injury rather than starvation. The upregulation of these genes was particularly high in the hemocytes of young, fed individuals after acute injury. Only minor changes in expression were detected in young animals under the selected starvation conditions and in older individuals. The stress response of L. elliptica thus depends on the nature of the environmental cue and on age. This has consequences for future population predictions as the environmental changes at the WAP will differentially impact L. elliptica age classes and is bound to alter population structure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-dependent expression of stress and antimicrobial genes in the hemocytes and siphon tissue of the Antarctic bivalve, Laternula elliptica, exposed to injury and starvation

Husmann

Abele

Rosenstiel

et al. 2014

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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Diseases and parasites

Gosling¹

2015

Marine Bivalve Molluscs

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Modulation of immune and antioxidant responses by azinphos‐methyl in the freshwater mussel Diplodon chilensis challenged with Escherichia coli

Castro

Bianchi

Pascual

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The aim of the present study was to characterize the immune response-total hemocyte number, cell type proportion, hemocyte viability, lysosomal membrane stability, phagocytic activity, cellular acid and alkaline phosphatase activity, and humoral bacteriolytic and phenoloxidase activity--in Diplodon chilensis exposed to 0.2 mg/L of azinphos-methyl (AZM), using Escherichia coli as immunological and pro-oxidant challenges. In addition, glutathione-S-transferase and lipid peroxidation thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were analyzed in gill tissue. Mussels from an unpolluted site were treated for 3 d as follows: 1) experimental control; 2) solvent effects control (acetone 0.01%); 3) bacterial challenge effects control (E. coli, 5 cells/mL × 10 cells/mL); 4) pesticide effects control (AZM in acetone); 5) control for combined effects of solvent and bacterial challenge; and 6) exposed to AZM, then challenged with E. coli. The results showed increased granulocyte proportion and phagocytic activity. Partial reversion of deleterious effects of E. coli on lysosomal membranes was observed in mussels exposed to AZM and then challenged with E. coli. Total hemocyte number and humoral bacteriolytic activity were increased only by E. coli challenge. Acid phosphatase activity was increased by both E. coli and AZM, whereas the stimulating effect of E. coli on alkaline phosphatase activity was negatively modulated by AZM. Azinphos-methyl inhibited phenoloxidase activity regardless of the E. coli challenge. Gill glutathione-S-transferase activity was increased by E. coli treatment either alone or pretreated with acetone or AZM and by AZM alone. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels were reduced by AZM alone or combined with the E. coli challenge and by acetone followed by the E. coli challenge. Both acetone and AZM seem to be important modulators of immune and antioxidant responses in D. chilensis. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1785-1794. © 2016 SETAC.

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Immune response of the Antarctic bivalve Laternula elliptica to physical stress and microbial exposure

Cited by 29 publications

References 42 publications

Age-dependent expression of stress and antimicrobial genes in the hemocytes and siphon tissue of the Antarctic bivalve, Laternula elliptica, exposed to injury and starvation

Age-dependent expression of stress and antimicrobial genes in the hemocytes and siphon tissue of the Antarctic bivalve, Laternula elliptica, exposed to injury and starvation

Diseases and parasites

Modulation of immune and antioxidant responses by azinphos‐methyl in the freshwater mussel Diplodon chilensis challenged with Escherichia coli

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