Immune Response to Vaccination against COVID-19 in Breastfeeding Health Workers

Jakuszko, Katarzyna; Kościelska‐Kasprzak, Katarzyna; Żabińska, Marcelina; Bartoszek, Dorota; Poznański, Paweł; Rukasz, Dagna; Kłak, Renata; Królak‐Olejnik, Barbara; Krajewska, Magdalena

doi:10.3390/vaccines9060663

Cited by 48 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These differences in the timing of measurements might explain the differences in our findings, compared to other studies ( 32 , 35 ). Although we did not measure maternal blood IgA, other studies have shown that blood and milk IgA levels correlate when measured 7-10 days after the 2nd dose ( 13 , 36 ). The relationship between infant age, breastfeeding exclusivity, milk IgA antibodies, and optimal timing of vaccination during lactation remains to be studied in detail.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in Lactation: Assessment of Adverse Events and Vaccine Related Antibodies in Mother-Infant Dyads

et al. 2021

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BackgroundData regarding symptoms in the lactating mother-infant dyad and their immune response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccination during lactation are needed to inform vaccination guidelines.MethodsFrom a prospective cohort of 50 lactating individuals who received mRNA-based vaccines for COVID-19 (mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2), blood and milk samples were collected prior to first vaccination dose, immediately prior to 2nd dose, and 4-10 weeks after 2nd dose. Symptoms in mother and infant were assessed by detailed questionnaires. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in blood and milk were measured by Pylon 3D automated immunoassay and ELISA. In addition, vaccine-related PEGylated proteins in milk were measured by ELISA. Blood samples were collected from a subset of infants whose mothers received the vaccine during lactation (4-15 weeks after mothers’ 2nd dose).ResultsNo severe maternal or infant adverse events were reported in this cohort. Two mothers and two infants were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the study period before achieving full immune response. PEGylated proteins were not found at significant levels in milk after vaccination. After vaccination, levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM significantly increased in maternal plasma and there was significant transfer of anti-SARS-CoV-2-Receptor Binding Domain (anti-RBD) IgA and IgG antibodies to milk. Milk IgA levels after the 2nd dose were negatively associated with infant age. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were not detected in the plasma of infants whose mothers were vaccinated during lactation.ConclusionsCOVID-19 mRNA vaccines generate robust immune responses in plasma and milk of lactating individuals without severe adverse events reported.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in Lactation: Assessment of Adverse Events and Vaccine Related Antibodies in Mother-Infant Dyads

et al. 2021

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“…Antibodies that target the viral receptor binding domain (RBD) in the S1 domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein have been shown to exhibit a virus-neutralizing capacity [ 64 , 65 , 144 ]. After vaccination, the highest concentrations of serum and breast milk antibodies were observed with maximum about 29 days after the second dose [ 145 ].…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunology of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccines in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Dęborska−Materkowska

Kamińska

2021

Viruses

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Since its outbreak in December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), led to an enormous rise in scientific response with an excess of COVID-19-related studies on the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic approaches. Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are a heterogeneous population with long-lasting immunosuppression as a joining element. Immunocompromised patients are a vulnerable population with a high risk of severe infections and an increased infection-related mortality rate. It was postulated that the hyperinflammatory state due to cytokine release syndrome during severe COVID-19 could be alleviated by immunosuppressive therapy in SOT patients. On the other hand, it was previously established that T cell-mediated immunity, which is significantly weakened in SOT recipients, is the main component of antiviral immune responses. In this paper, we present the current state of science on COVID-19 immunology in relation to solid organ transplantation with prospective therapeutic and vaccination strategies in this population.

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“…This limitation is present not only in studies of mothers who have passed the infection, but also in those in which the breast milk of mothers vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 has been analysed, and it is also mentioned that additional studies are needed to evaluate the effect of these vaccines on lactation outcomes and infant health because the protection they may provide to the child has not been studied [ 82 , 86 , 87 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: Relationship and Impact on Breastfeeding—A Systematic Review

2021

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COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization (WHO). One major problem faced is whether breastfeeding by mothers infected with the virus is safe. The objective of this work is to study the impact that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can have on breastfeeding, and whether the virus or antibodies can be transmitted from mother to child through milk. We carried out a systematic review of studies focusing on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on breastfeeding by mothers infected with the virus. The bibliographic search was done through Medline (Pubmed), MedlinePlus and Google Scholar. From 292 records, the title and summary of each were examined according to the criteria, and whether they meet the selection criteria was also analysed. A total of 30 articles are included, of which 26 deal with the study of RNA virus in breastmilk and its involvement in breastfeeding and four on the study of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in milk. Most studies have been conducted in China. Breastfeeding by mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2 is highly recommended for infants, if the health of the mother and the infant allow for it. Direct breastfeeding and maintaining appropriate protective measures should be encouraged. Should the mother’s health condition not permit direct breastfeeding, infants should be fed with pumped breastmilk or donor milk.

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Immune Response to Vaccination against COVID-19 in Breastfeeding Health Workers

Cited by 48 publications

References 19 publications

COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in Lactation: Assessment of Adverse Events and Vaccine Related Antibodies in Mother-Infant Dyads

COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in Lactation: Assessment of Adverse Events and Vaccine Related Antibodies in Mother-Infant Dyads

The Immunology of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccines in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

COVID-19: Relationship and Impact on Breastfeeding—A Systematic Review

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