Immune stimulation of rainbow trout reveals divergent regulation of MH class II-associated invariant chain isoforms

Semple, Shawna L.; Heath, George; Christie, Darah; Braunstein, Marsela; Kales, Stephen C.; Dixon, Brian

doi:10.1007/s00251-019-01115-y

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In this study, the peak expression of IgM and MHCII in grouper HK were 21 st day both, which were later than 14 th day in spleen, showing that the response to antigen in HK is slightly later than that in spleen. And the peak of blood antibody titer is also 21 st day, which verified that the main source of serum Ig is the plasma cells in HK ( 44 , 45 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…On the contrary, the r value of the HK is relatively low with other organs(| r | < 0.4, means low linear correlation), except for the slightly higher correlation with spleen (0.5 ≤ | r | < 0.8, means moderately linear correlation). The HK and spleen are the major sites for trapping of antigens and the production of antibodies, and the predominant source of serum Ig is suggested to be plasma cells in the HK ( 44 , 45 ), making this teleost tissue analogous to the bone marrow of mammals ( 46 ).As this is the case, exogenous antigen presentation in HK would be anticipated ( 47 ). In this study, the peak expression of IgM and MHCII in grouper HK were 21 st day both, which were later than 14 th day in spleen, showing that the response to antigen in HK is slightly later than that in spleen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, IgM expression levels in the hindgut peaked for the grouper at day 14 th but on day 4 th in the crucian carp. Previous studies have indicated that Ig-positive cells in the sea bass, salmon and cyprinid fish are distributed in their intestinal mucosa and levels differed between species ( 3 , 24 , 45 , 50 ). This difference may be due to differences between species, which have also been found in marine fish after both immersion and injection vaccination protocols ( 20 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on Immune Response of Organs of Epinephelus coioides and Carassius auratus After Immersion Vaccination With Inactivated Vibrio harveyi Vaccine

et al. 2021

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Immersion vaccination relies on the response of fish mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues, the Crucian carp (Carassius auratus) and Grouper (Epinephelus coioides) were researched in this paper to examine local mucosal immune responses and associated humoral system responses following immersion vaccination. We administered 1.5 × 107 CFU/ml formalin-inactivated Vibrio harveyi cells and measured mucus and serum antibody titers as well as IgM, MHC II mRNA levels in immune organs. The mucosal antibody response preceded the serum response indicating a role for local mucosal immunity in immersion vaccination. IgM and MHC II mRNA levels were relatively greater for the spleen and head kidney indicating the importance and central position of systemic immunity. Expression levels were also high for the gills while skin levels were the lowest. IgM and MHC II mRNA levels were altered over time following vaccination and the hindgut, liver and spleen were similar indicating a close relationship, so the absolute value of r is used to analyze the correlation among different organs immunized. It can be inferred the existence of an internal immune molecular mechanism for Immune synergy hindgut-liver-spleen, from the peak time (14th day), the relative ratio of genes expression in the same tissues between the immunized grouper and the control group (26 times), and Pearson correlation coefficient (0.8<|r|<1). Injection challenges with live V. harveyi indicated that the relative protection rates for the crucian carp and Grouper was basically the same at 44.4% and 47.4%, respectively. It is believe that crucian carp may be used as a substitute for the valuable grouper in immunity experiment, just from aspect of the relative percent survival (RPS) and how it changes with time. But they were not consistent about the IgM mRNA expression between that of crucian carp and grouper after immersion the Vibrio vaccine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on Immune Response of Organs of Epinephelus coioides and Carassius auratus After Immersion Vaccination With Inactivated Vibrio harveyi Vaccine

et al. 2021

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“…Transcript level of INVX in rainbow trout cell line culture was significantly increased at 96 and 120 h after immune system activation with PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) ( Semple et al, 2019 ). Also, INVX protein level was significantly reduced at 168 h after PMA stimulation ( Semple et al, 2019 ). In addition to the putative function of INVX, there is also another line of evidence supporting INVX as a candidate gene for the Omy25 QTL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Haplotypes Associated With Resistance to Bacterial Cold Water Disease in Rainbow Trout Using Whole-Genome Resequencing

Liu

Martin²,

Gao³

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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Bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) is an important disease in rainbow trout aquaculture. Previously, we have identified and validated two major QTL (quantitative trait loci) for BCWD resistance, located on chromosomes Omy08 and Omy25, in the odd-year Troutlodge May spawning population. We also demonstrated that marker-assisted selection (MAS) for BCWD resistance using the favorable haplotypes associated with the two major QTL is feasible. However, each favorable haplotype spans a large genomic region of 1.3–1.6 Mb. Recombination events within the haplotype regions will result in new haplotypes associated with BCWD resistance, which will reduce the accuracy of MAS for BCWD resistance over time. The objectives of this study were 1) to identify additional SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) associated with BCWD resistance using whole-genome sequencing (WGS); 2) to validate the SNPs associated with BCWD resistance using family-based association mapping; 3) to refine the haplotypes associated with BCWD resistance; and 4) to evaluate MAS for BCWD resistance using the refined QTL haplotypes. Four consecutive generations of the Troutlodge May spawning population were evaluated for BCWD resistance. Parents and offspring were sequenced as individuals and in pools based on their BCWD phenotypes. Over 12 million SNPs were identified by mapping the sequences from the individuals and pools to the reference genome. SNPs with significantly different allele frequencies between the two BCWD phenotype groups were selected to develop SNP assays for family-based association mapping in three consecutive generations of the Troutlodge May spawning population. Among the 78 SNPs derived from WGS, 77 SNPs were associated with BCWD resistance in at least one of the three consecutive generations. The additional SNPs associated with BCWD resistance allowed us to reduce the physical sizes of haplotypes associated with BCWD resistance to less than 0.5 Mb. We also demonstrated that the refined QTL haplotypes can be used for MAS in the Troutlodge May spawning population. Therefore, the SNPs and haplotypes reported in this study provide additional resources for improvement of BCWD resistance in rainbow trout.

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“…IL-6-associated arginase activity downregulates MHC-II expression in DC and suppresses CD4 + cell-mediated immunity [52][53]. MHC-II is known to be associated with disease susceptibility/ resistance in salmonids [15], although many factors are known to influence its level of expression [54][55]. During WD, arginase expression was modulated [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

STAT3/SOCS3 axis contributes to the outcome of salmonid whirling disease

et al. 2020

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There are differences in disease susceptibility to whirling disease (WD) among strains of rainbow trout. The North American strain Trout Lodge (TL) is highly susceptible, whereas the German Hofer (HO) strain is more resistant. The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are key in inhibiting cytokine signaling. Their role in modulating the immune response against whirling disease is not completely clear. This study aimed at investigating the transcriptional response of SOCS1 and SOCS3 genes to Myxobolus cerebralis along with that of several upstream regulators and immune response genes. M. cerebralis induced the expression of SOCS1, the IL-6-dependent SOCS3, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and the Treg associated transcription factor FOXP3 in TL fish at multiple time points, which likely caused a restricted STAT1 and STAT3 activity affecting the Th17/Treg17 balance. The expression of SOCS1 and the IL-6-dependent SOCS3 was induced constraining the activation of STAT1 and STAT3 in TL fish, thereby causing Th17/Treg17 imbalance and leaving the fish unable to establish a protective immune response against M. cerebralis or control inflammatory reactions increasing susceptibility to WD. Conversely, in HO fish, the expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3 was restrained, whereas the expression of STAT1 and IL-23-mediated STAT3 was induced potentially enabling more controlled immune responses, accelerating parasite clearance and elevating resistance. The induced expression of STAT1 and IL-23-mediated STAT3 likely maintained a successful Th17/Treg17 balance and enabled fish to promote effective immune responses favouring resistance against WD. The results provide insights into the role of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in regulating the activation and magnitude of host immunity in rainbow trout, which may help us understand the mechanisms that underlie the variation in resistance to WD.

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Immune stimulation of rainbow trout reveals divergent regulation of MH class II-associated invariant chain isoforms

Cited by 11 publications

References 73 publications

Study on Immune Response of Organs of Epinephelus coioides and Carassius auratus After Immersion Vaccination With Inactivated Vibrio harveyi Vaccine

Study on Immune Response of Organs of Epinephelus coioides and Carassius auratus After Immersion Vaccination With Inactivated Vibrio harveyi Vaccine

Identification of Haplotypes Associated With Resistance to Bacterial Cold Water Disease in Rainbow Trout Using Whole-Genome Resequencing

STAT3/SOCS3 axis contributes to the outcome of salmonid whirling disease

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