Immune studies with T-2 toxin: Effect of feeding and withdrawal in monkeys

Jagadeesan, Vikrant; Rukmini, C.; Vijayaraghavan, M; Tulpule, P. G.

doi:10.1016/s0278-6915(82)80014-8

Cited by 40 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As has been found for other Fusarium toxins (12,13,14), wortmannin appears to have a significant effect on the immune system. Two week administration of feed containing 3.1 ppm extractable wortmannin (total amount of wortmannin ingested=-217 pg) caused marked depression of serum IgG and IgM levels and one week administration of feed containing 4.2 ppm (total ingestion =-147 pg) caused marked inhibition of the primary humoral response to in vivo and in vitro administered antigens.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Immunosuppressive Effects of Dietary Wortmannin on Rats and Mice

Günther

Kishore

Abbas

et al. 1989

Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology

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In order to assess the effects of the fungal toxin wortmannin on the immune system, rats and mice were fed wortmannin-containing cultures of Fusarium oxysporum for 1 or 2 weeks. Wortmannin caused significant decreases in thymic weight, thymic lymphocyte numbers, serum IgG and IgM levels, the primary humoral response to T-dependent and T-independent antigens and the proliferative response of spleen cells to pokeweed mitogen. In vitro administration of wortmannin did not produce evidence of cytotoxicity to spleen or thymus cells. The data indicate that wortmannin inhibits immune function in rats and mice and suggest that metabolic modification of the toxin is necessary for toxicity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Immunosuppressive Effects of Dietary Wortmannin on Rats and Mice

Günther

Kishore

Abbas

et al. 1989

Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology

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“…There are many diverse mechanisms by which T-2 can produce toxicity and the relative importance of each in the production of the response is not fully understood (Coulombe, 1993). It is thought that inhibition of protein synthesis and its immunosuppressive properties are the most important human health impacts (Ueno, 1983(Ueno, , 1984Yarom et al, 1984;Jagadeesan et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative acute and combinative toxicity of aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxin in animals and immortalized human cell lines

et al. 2006

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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and T-2 toxin (T-2) are important food-borne mycotoxins that have been implicated in human health and as potential biochemical weapons threats. In this study the acute and combinative toxicity of AFB1 and T-2 were tested in F-344 rats, mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), immortalized human hepatoma cells (HepG2) and human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Preliminary experiments were conducted in order to assess the acute toxicity and to obtain LD50, LC50 and IC50 values for individual toxins in each model, respectively. This was followed by testing combinations of AFB1 and T-2 to obtain LD50, LC50 and IC50 values for the combination in each model. All models demonstrated a significant dose response in the observed parameters to treatment. The potency of the mixture was gauged through the determination of the interaction index metric. The results of this study demonstrate that these two toxins interacted to produce alterations in the toxic responses generally classifiable as additive; however, a synergistic interaction was noted in the case of BEAS-2B. It can be gathered that this combination may pose a significant threat to public health and further research needs to be completed addressing alterations in metabolism and detoxification that may influence the toxic manifestations in combination.

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“…These effects have been observed in guinea-pigs given oral doses of diacetoxyscirpenol (Kriegleder 1981) and in guinea-pigs (DeNicola et al 1978), turkeys and chickens (Richard et al 1978), mice Lafarge-Frayssinet et al 1981), cats (Sato et al 1975 and monkeys (Rukmini et al 1980;Jagadeesan et al 1982) administered T-2 toxin. These effects have been observed in guinea-pigs given oral doses of diacetoxyscirpenol (Kriegleder 1981) and in guinea-pigs (DeNicola et al 1978), turkeys and chickens (Richard et al 1978), mice Lafarge-Frayssinet et al 1981), cats (Sato et al 1975 and monkeys (Rukmini et al 1980;Jagadeesan et al 1982) administered T-2 toxin.…”

Section: Immunosuppressive Activitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…T-2 toxin was administered orally to monkeys (Jagadeesan et al 1982) and calves (Mann et al 1982). T-2 toxin was administered orally to monkeys (Jagadeesan et al 1982) and calves (Mann et al 1982).…”

Section: Immunosuppressive Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of several trichothecenes on hematological parameters have been studied in mice ), guinea-pigs (DeNicola et al 1978), rabbits (RUsch and Stahelin 1965Gentry andCooper 1981), cats (Sato et al 1975;Lutsky et al 1978), dogs (RUsch and, chickens Richard et al 1978;Pearson 1978;Chi et al 1981;Chi et al 1977b;Doerr et al 1981), pigs (RUsch andWeaver et al 1978bWeaver et al , 1978dWeaver et al , 1981Patterson et al 1979), calves (Patterson et al 1979;Mann et al 1982), monkeys (RUsch andJagadeesan et al 1982) and man (Goodwin et al 1978).…”

Section: Hematological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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