Immune system aging and the aging-related diseases in the COVID-19 era

Witkowski, Jacek M.

doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2022.01.005

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(153 reference statements)

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“…Another result related to inflamaging process and higher mortality in older patients, is the fact that 90% of these subjects had at least one comorbidity. The chronic low-grade inflammation is responsible for aging-related diseases including heart disease, malignancies, dementia, type 2 diabetes, obesity and arterial hypertension [16]. In this study, although it was not statistically significant, the mortality group had more patients with diabetes, hypertension and coronary disease than the discharge group.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…It is related to accumulation of senescent cells that can entail senescence associated secretory phenotype comprising proinflammatory cytokines which increase the inflammatory readiness in the aging organism, even without direct stimulation of the inflammatory process. All these mediators, associated with cytokine storms which can be seen in patients with COVID-19, leads to hyperinflammation and aggravates the multi-organ damage, leading to the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and respiratory failure [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Silva¹,

Sousa.²,

Sousa³

et al. 2022

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Silva¹,

Sousa.²,

Sousa³

et al. 2022

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

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“…T cells are particularly susceptible to the ravages of age, potentially explaining the vulnerability of elderly individuals to emerging viral infections, such as SARS-CoV-2 [ 2 ]. This notion has gained traction following descriptions of an inverse correlation between the size of the naïve pool and the severity of COVID-19 [ 7 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing Curtails the Diversity and Functionality of Nascent CD8+ T Cell Responses against SARS-CoV-2

et al. 2023

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Age-related changes in the immune system are thought to underlie the vulnerability of elderly individuals to emerging viral diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we used a fully validated in vitro approach to determine how age impacts the generation of de novo CD8+ T cell responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19. Our data revealed a generalized deficit in the ability of elderly individuals to prime the differentiation of naïve precursors into effector CD8+ T cells defined by the expression of interferon (IFN)-γ and the transcription factor T-bet. As a consequence, there was an age-related decline in the diversity of newly generated CD8+ T cell responses targeting a range of typically immunodominant epitopes derived from SARS-CoV-2, accompanied by an overall reduction in the expression frequency of IFN-γ. These findings have potential implications for the development of new strategies to protect the elderly against COVID-19.

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“…AHA is primarily a disease of the elderly, and its pathogenesis might include an age-related deterioration of peripheral mechanisms of self-tolerance, caused by immunosenescence and inflammaging. 21 , 22 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targets of autoantibodies in acquired hemophilia A are not restricted to factor VIII: data from the GTH-AH 01/2010 study

et al. 2023

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The root cause of autoantibody formation against factor VIII (FVIII) in acquired hemophilia A (AHA) remains unclear. We aimed to assess whether AHA is exclusively associated with autoantibodies towards FVIII, or whether patients also produce increased levels of autoantibodies against other targets. A case-control study was performed enrolling patients with AHA and age-matched controls. HEp-2 immunofluorescence was applied to screen for anti-nuclear (ANA) and anti-cytoplasmic autoantibodies. Screening for autoantibodies against extractable nuclear antigens (ENA) was performed by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) detecting SSA/Ro, SSB/La, U1RNP (70 kDa, A, C), Scl-70, JO-1, centromere B, Sm, double-stranded DNA, and alpha-fodrin (AF). AHA patients were more often positive for ANA than control patients (64% vs. 30%, odds ratio [OR] 4.02, 1.98-8.18) and had higher ANA titers detected than controls. Cytoplasmic autoantibodies and anti-AF IgA autoantibodies were also more frequent in AHA patients compared to controls. Autoantibodies against any target other than FVIII were found in 78% of AHA patients compared to 46% of controls (OR 4.16, 1.98-8.39). Results were similar preforming sensitivity analyses (excluding either subjects with autoimmune disorders, cancer, pregnancy, or immunosuppressive medication at baseline) and in multivariable binary logistic regression. To exclude that autoantibody staining was merely a result of cross-reactivity of anti-FVIII autoantibodies, we tested a mix of 7 well-characterized monoclonal anti-FVIII antibodies. These antibodies did not stain HEp-2 cells used for ANA detection. In conclusion, a diverse pattern of autoantibodies is associated with AHA, suggesting that a more general breakdown of immune tolerance might be involved in its pathology.

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Immune system aging and the aging-related diseases in the COVID-19 era

Cited by 14 publications

References 133 publications

Nutritional factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Nutritional factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Ageing Curtails the Diversity and Functionality of Nascent CD8+ T Cell Responses against SARS-CoV-2

Targets of autoantibodies in acquired hemophilia A are not restricted to factor VIII: data from the GTH-AH 01/2010 study

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