Immunity comes first: The effect of parasite genotypes on adaptive immunity and immunization in three-spined sticklebacks

Haase, David; Rieger, Jennifer K.; Witten, Anika; Stoll, Monika; Bornberg‐Bauer, Erich; Kalbe, Martin; Reusch, Thorsten B. H.

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2015.09.008

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the present study, we confirmed that eye fluke infection elicited upregulation of genes encoding cytokines like IL-1β, IFNγ, IL-6 and IL-12. This aligns with the suggested immune pathway in stickleback responses towards Diplostomum invasion [ 4 , 36 , 37 ], again pointing at elevated monocyte proliferation and respiratory burst activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Responses towards eyefluke (Diplostomum pseudospathaceum) in different genetic lineages of rainbow trout

Karami

Duan²,

Kania³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Marker-assisted selective breeding of fish with higher levels of resistance towards specific pathogens may improve fish health, but the impact of host genotype on susceptibility to multiple pathogen infections is still poorly investigated. This study examined the resistance in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss towards infection with the eye fluke Diplostomum pseudospathaceum. We used genetically selected rainbow trout, carrying SNPs associated with resistance towards the parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, and exposed the fish to eye fluke cercariae. We showed that fish partly resistant to I. multifiliis were more susceptible to eye fluke invasion. The expression of immune relevant genes (encoding innate and adaptive factors) was also affected as these genotypes responded less strongly to a secondary fluke infection. The complexity of genome architecture in disease resistance towards multiple pathogens is discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Responses towards eyefluke (Diplostomum pseudospathaceum) in different genetic lineages of rainbow trout

Karami

Duan²,

Kania³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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“…Haase et al (45) indicated that the complement system activated via different pathways is a central part of the fish response to D. pseudospathaceum. Later, Haase et al (48) investigated the effects of homologous and heterologous exposures to genetically-distinct lineages of D. pseudospathaceum on the gene expression patterns of adaptive immunity in sticklebacks and showed distinct expression patterns in the heterologous pre-exposed fish specimens. Haase et al (48) revealed again the importance of the complement system in both affecting innate immunity as well as mediating adaptive responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trematode Diplostomum pseudospathaceum inducing differential immune gene expression in sexual and gynogenetic gibel carp (Carassius gibelio): parasites facilitating the coexistence of two reproductive forms of the invasive species

Fuad,

Tichopád,

Ondračková

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionParasite-mediated selection is considered one of the potential mechanisms contributing to the coexistence of asexual-sexual complexes. Gibel carp (Carassius gibelio), an invasive fish species in Europe, often forms populations composed of gynogenetic and sexual specimens.MethodsThe experimental infection was induced in gynogenetic and sexual gibel carp using eye-fluke Diplostomum pseudospathaceum (Trematoda), and the transcriptome profile of the spleen as a major immune organ in fish was analyzed to reveal the differentially expressed immunity-associated genes related to D. pseudospathaceum infection differing between gynogenetic and sexual gibel carp.ResultsHigh parasite infection was found in gynogenetic fish when compared to genetically diverse sexuals. Although metacercariae of D. pseudospathaceum are situated in an immune-privileged organ, our results show that eye trematodes may induce a host immune response. We found differential gene expression induced by eye-fluke infection, with various impacts on gynogenetic and sexual hosts, documenting for the majority of DEGs upregulation in sexuals, and downregulation in asexuals. Differences in gene regulation between gynogenetic and sexual gibel carp were evidenced in many immunity-associated genes. GO analyses revealed the importance of genes assigned to the GO terms: immune function, the Notch signaling pathway, MAP kinase tyrosine/threonine/phosphatase activity, and chemokine receptor activity. KEGG analyses revealed the importance of the genes involved in 12 immunity-associated pathways – specifically, FoxO signaling, adipocytokine signaling, TGF-beta signaling, apoptosis, Notch signaling, C-type lectin receptor signaling, efferocytosis, intestinal immune network for IgA production, insulin signaling, virion - human immunodeficiency virus, Toll-like receptor signaling, and phosphatidylinositol signaling system.DiscussionOur study indicates the limited potential of asexual fish to cope with higher parasite infection (likely a loss of capacity to induce an effective immune response) and highlights the important role of molecular mechanisms associated with immunity for the coexistence of gynogenetic and sexual gibel carp, potentially contributing to its invasiveness.

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“…In another study involving the same fish and parasite species, the same research group studied the homologous and heterologous exposures of genetically distinct trematode parasite lineages on gene expression patterns of adaptive immunity. It is interesting to note that host immunization was optimized towards an adaptive immune response that favored effectiveness against parasite diversity over specificity [ 110 ].…”

Section: Fish Immune Responses To Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis Based on RNA-Seq in Understanding Pathogenic Mechanisms of Diseases and the Immune System of Fish: A Comprehensive Review

Sudhagar

Kumar

El-Matbouli

2018

IJMS

138

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In recent years, with the advent of next-generation sequencing along with the development of various bioinformatics tools, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq)-based transcriptome analysis has become much more affordable in the field of biological research. This technique has even opened up avenues to explore the transcriptome of non-model organisms for which a reference genome is not available. This has made fish health researchers march towards this technology to understand pathogenic processes and immune reactions in fish during the event of infection. Recent studies using this technology have altered and updated the previous understanding of many diseases in fish. RNA-Seq has been employed in the understanding of fish pathogens like bacteria, virus, parasites, and oomycetes. Also, it has been helpful in unraveling the immune mechanisms in fish. Additionally, RNA-Seq technology has made its way for future works, such as genetic linkage mapping, quantitative trait analysis, disease-resistant strain or broodstock selection, and the development of effective vaccines and therapies. Until now, there are no reviews that comprehensively summarize the studies which made use of RNA-Seq to explore the mechanisms of infection of pathogens and the defense strategies of fish hosts. This review aims to summarize the contemporary understanding and findings with regard to infectious pathogens and the immune system of fish that have been achieved through RNA-Seq technology.

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Immunity comes first: The effect of parasite genotypes on adaptive immunity and immunization in three-spined sticklebacks

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Responses towards eyefluke (Diplostomum pseudospathaceum) in different genetic lineages of rainbow trout

Responses towards eyefluke (Diplostomum pseudospathaceum) in different genetic lineages of rainbow trout

Trematode Diplostomum pseudospathaceum inducing differential immune gene expression in sexual and gynogenetic gibel carp (Carassius gibelio): parasites facilitating the coexistence of two reproductive forms of the invasive species

Transcriptome Analysis Based on RNA-Seq in Understanding Pathogenic Mechanisms of Diseases and the Immune System of Fish: A Comprehensive Review

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