Immunity in Schistosomiasis: A Holistic View

Damian, Raymond T.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-4571-8_10

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 215 publications

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“…In the past, much study centered on which age of the schistosomule was most vulnerable to immune destruction, and the site at which this killing occurred. These may well vary depending on the definitive species studied and the method of immunization (Damian, 1984;Pearce and James, 1986). For the irradiated cercarial model of immunity in the mouse-the model that is best characterized-schistosomules passing through the lungs are the ones most vulnerable to immune elimination (Wilson and Coulson, 1989).…”

Section: Commentary Background Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis

Lewis

1998

CP in Immunology

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Schistosomiasis is the second most important parasitic disease in the world in terms of public health impact. Globally, it is estimated that the disease affects over 200 million people and is responsible for 200,000 deaths each year. The three major schistosomes infecting humans are Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum, and S. haematobium. Much immunological research has focused on schistosomiasis because of the pathological effects of the disease, which include liver fibrosis and bladder dysfunction. This Unit covers a wide range of aspects of maintaining the life cycles of these parasites, including preparation of schistosome egg antigen, maintenance of intermediate snail hosts, infection of the definitive and intermediate hosts, and others. The Unit primariiy focues on S. mansoni, but also includes coverage of S. japonicum and S. haematobium life cycles.

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Section: Commentary Background Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis

Lewis

1998

CP in Immunology

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“…Granulomatous hypersensitivity to parasite eggs of Schistosoma mansoni is an important factor in the development of morbidity in chronic schistosomiasis (Phillips & Colley 1978). It has been demonstrated previously that the chronic, well-tolerated, intestinal form of schistosomiasis is associated with the establishment and maintenace of a variety of immunoregulatory mechanisms (Colley 198 1, Nash et al 1982, Damian 1984. The host anti-egg inflammatory response has been shown to be highly regulated by suppressive mechanisms in long term chronic infections in experimental murine and human schistosomiasis (Colley 1981, Boris 1986, Phillips & Lammie 1986, Doughty et al 1989.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granulomatous hypersensitivity to Schistosoma mansoni EGG antigens in human schistosomiasis. IV. A role for prostaglandin‐induced inhibition of in vitro granuloma formation

Góes¹,

Rezende²,

Gazzinelli³

et al. 1994

Parasite Immunology

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The prostaglandins (PG) are known to regulate immune cell function(s) and participate in the progression of both acute and chronic inflammatory reactions. Using an in vitro model of Schistosoma mansoni egg-induced hypersensitivity granulomas, we have delineated the role of immune complexes (IC) in the induction and release of PG and their inhibitory effects on granuloma development. The hypersensitivity-type granuloma reaction to soluble egg antigen (SEA) was examined using a model of in vitro granuloma formation. Our results show that granuloma formation was dramatically suppressed by the addition to the granuloma cultures of IC, PGE1, PGE2, while PGF2 alpha had no significant effect. The inhibition of the PG function was achieved by the introduction of anti-PG antibodies that blocked suppression of granuloma formation. It appears in this model system that IC may inhibit the activity of granuloma formation by stimulating the monocyte-macrophage lineage to release inhibitory mediators. Our results suggest that the prostaglandins E series may be important in the generation and maintenance of suppression of the granulomatous inflammatory response to S. mansoni egg antigens.

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“…The small adult worms (male, 10 to 15, and female, 14 to 20, mm long) live in copula, and each female produces about 300 eggs daily. The life span of the worm is 5 to 10 years, and by a variety of mechanisms it is capable of evading the host immune response (95). The worms feed on host erythrocytes and body solutes, and their presence is innocuous to the host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunopathology of Schistosoma mansoni infection

1989

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Schistosomiasis mansoni is a chronic helminthic disease that affects about 100 million people in the tropics. The worms have a life span of 5 to 10 years, and they live in the mesenteric veins of the host. Lightly infected individuals are asymptomatic or manifest mild intestinal symptoms. Heavily infected individuals often develop severe morbidity with hepatosplenomegaly, sometimes with a fatal outcome. Morbidity is attributed to the strong humoral and T-cell-mediated host immune responses developed to a variety of parasite antigens and expressed as tissue inflammations. The immunopathology includes dermatitis, immune complex-mediated kidney disease, and, chiefly, T-cell-mediated granuloma formation and fibrosis around disseminated parasite eggs. This review describes the mechanisms of induction and expression of immunopathology in infected persons and experimental animals. Immunoregulatory mechanisms that modulate the enhanced immune responses and may ameliorate excessive morbidity are discussed.

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Immunity in Schistosomiasis: A Holistic View

Cited by 20 publications

References 215 publications

Schistosomiasis

Schistosomiasis

Granulomatous hypersensitivity to Schistosoma mansoni EGG antigens in human schistosomiasis. IV. A role for prostaglandin‐induced inhibition of in vitro granuloma formation

Immunopathology of Schistosoma mansoni infection

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