Immunity, inflammation and reservoir in patients at an early stage of HIV infection on intermittent ART (ANRS 141 TIPI Trial)

Abstract

In patients with high nadir and current CD4 cell counts, 2 year I-ART maintained the CD4 cell count above 500/mm(3), with no increase in the viral reservoir. Immune activation seems related to HIV replication, while inflammation seems to evolve independently and require specific attention.

Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases in people living with HIV on specific highly active antiretroviral therapy regimen: A systematic review of clinical studies

“…The summarized evidence showed that anti-inflammatory factors including adiponectin and IL-10 were reduced after initiation of HAART (a combination of RTV boosted SQV/d4T, TDF/3 TC, and TDF/FTC) in PLWH [ 34 ]. This is in agreement with evidence by Porith et al [ 38 ], which showed that inflammatory (hs-CRP, IL-6) and endothelial activation (VCAM-1) markers were stable in PLWH after taking ZDV/RTV, plus a fixed combination of either ABC/3 TC, or FTC/TDF for 24 months. These findings are however inconsistent because others have reported the opposite effects.…”

“…Kumar et al [ 37 ] also showed a favourable decline in thrombotic activity (marked by D-dimer) and endothelial activation (marked by VCAM-1) in PLWH after taking FPV/RTV or EFV/ABC/3 TC for up to 24 months. Such positive effects are also confirmed in PLWH by Porith et al [ 38 ], after taking ZDV/RTV plus a fixed combination of either ABC/3 TC or FTC/TDF for 24 months. Interestingly, recent studies by different groups [ 39 , 40 ] indicate that NNRTI or PIs can improve endothelial function by reducing markers such as FMD, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, when used for a period of 14–18 months.…”

“…This included favourable decline in thrombotic activity (marked by D-dimer) and endothelial activation (marked by VCAM-1). However, inflammation increased as reflected by high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) [ 38 ] France Randomized controlled trial PLWH (n = 44) on HAART, with an average age of 41 years (93 % male). No reported ethnicity ZDV/RTV (300/100 mg), plus a fixed combination of either ABC/3 TC (600/300 mg) or FTC/TDF (200/245 mg) for 24 months Participants presented with stable markers of inflammation (hs-CRP, IL-6) and endothelial activation (VCAM-1) during the treatment period [ 39 ] Botswana Randomized controlled trial PLWH (n = 112) on HAART, with an average age of 40 years (51 % females).…”