Immunity Status of Military Recruits in 1951 in the United States

Liao, Sung J.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a119639

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The sero-epidemiology of mumps has been studied by complement fixation (CF) (Liao & Benenson, 1954), inhibition of haemagglutination (HI) (Black & Houghton, 1967;Niederman et al 1967) and virus neutralization (N) (Kenny et al 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of mumps in the Netherlands

Wagenvoort

Harmsen

Boutahar-Trouw

et al. 1980

J. Hyg.

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In a Dutch population group neutralizing antibodies against mumps virus were determined by a plaque reduction technique, which proved reproducible, sensitive and specific. The results with sera of about 800 suburban children show that mumps is acquired at an early age with peak acquisition rates between the ages of four and six years. Over 90% have acquired mumps before the age of 14 years. More than 95% of about 1000 adults (18--65 years) have neutralizing antibodies. The relatively constant median titre suggests that antibodies persist during life. During a family study 77 clinical and 18 subclinical cases were observed. In families with index cases the attack rate was 26/37 = 0.71. Eleven children (excluding six babies) escaped infection. The mean attack rate during the epidemic was 0.30. The mean titre of mumps neutralizing antibody is maximal during the first year after the disease but declines during childhood. Mothers exposed to mumps in the family occasionally showed a significant rise in titre. Some seronegative mothers remained seronegative after exposure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of mumps in the Netherlands

Wagenvoort

Harmsen

Boutahar-Trouw

et al. 1980

J. Hyg.

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“…The crude rubella seronegativity rate among first-time enlistees was 16.2% (95% CI, 14.3% to 18.1%); the adjusted rate was 17.5% (95% CI,14.3% to 20.6%). The seronegativity rate among recruits with prior military service was 2.3% (95% CI, 0.1% to 12.3%).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Susceptibility of Young Adult Americans to Vaccine-Preventable Infections

Kelley

Petruccelli²,

Stehr‐Green³

et al. 1991

JAMA

107

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Patients.\p=m-\The study included 1547 US Army recruits who were inducted during September and October 1989. Outcome Measures.\p=m-\Seronegativityby various demographic factors. Results.\p=m-\Seronegativity rates, directly adjusted to the 15to 24-year-old US population in 1980, were 20.7% for measles, 15.6% for mumps, 17.5% for rubella, and 6.9% for varicella. For measles, mumps, and rubella, susceptibility was less in females, blacks, and college-educated recruits, and varicella susceptibility was greater in females and blacks. Recruits who were born after 1969 lacked measles, mumps, and rubella antibodies more often than older recruits. The adjusted seronegativity rates for poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 were 2.3%, 0.6%, and 14.6%, respectively; trends by age, sex, and race-ethnicity were generally unremarkable.Conclusions.\p=m-\Amongyoung adult Americans, susceptibility to measles, mumps, and rubella is unevenly distributed and may be substantial. Our findings support national objectives to further improve immunization coverage in schoolage and adult populations and provide further impetus for legislation requiring college entrants to present evidence of having received at least two doses of measles vaccine, with one on or after entry into elementary school.

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“…Similarly, in Schick surveys of young men entering the armed services (7,8), the frequency of positives among men from the South has been lower than among those from most other areas of the country. In view of the findings in previous surveys, the results in Hall County are not surprising when considered in connection with the high diphtheria morbidity and the extent of artificial immunization.…”

Section: Active Immunizationmentioning

confidence: 98%