Immunization of cattle using varying infective doses of <i>Theileria parva lawrencei</i> sporozoites derived from an African buffalo (<i>Syncerus caffer</i>) and treatment with buparvaquone

Mutugi, J.J.; Young, A. S.; Maritim, A.C.; Linyonyi, A.; Mbogo, S.K.; Leitch, B. L.

doi:10.1017/s0031182000058376

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Currently, there are different strategies for the prevention and treatment of bovine theileriosis, namely, (i) targeting the tick vector by acaricide treatment (3) or (ii) targeting the parasite itself by vaccination, chemotherapy, or a combination of the two (4,5). The most efficacious vaccine approach for East Coast fever was developed many years ago and includes infection of cattle with T. parva sporozoites and immediate treatment with a drug that impairs the establishment of infection, such as oxytetracycline (6) or, alternatively, buparvaquone (BPQ), which is currently the only effective compound for the treatment of bovine theileriosis (7)(8)(9). BPQ is a hydroxynaphtoquinone related to parvaquone (10,11).…”

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confidence: 99%

In Vitro Screening of the Open-Source Medicines for Malaria Venture Malaria Box Reveals Novel Compounds with Profound Activities against Theileria annulata Schizonts

Hostettler

Müller

Hemphill

2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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confidence: 99%

In Vitro Screening of the Open-Source Medicines for Malaria Venture Malaria Box Reveals Novel Compounds with Profound Activities against Theileria annulata Schizonts

Hostettler

Müller

Hemphill

2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…It would appear from a comparative study that buparvaquone treatment could be safer than oxytetracycline in the control of more virulent theilerial stocks (Mutugi et al, 1988a). In this field study a single treatment with buparvaquone proved equally satisfactory as two treatments of Terramycin LA in controlling a virulent T. p. lawrencei stock (St 2306, Ngong 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…In a study where cattle were immunised against a virulent T. p. lawrencei parasite, buparvaquone controlled higher doses of this parasite stock (Mutugi et al, 1988a) better than both short-and long-acting oxytetracycline formulations as shown in a comparative immunisation study (Mutugi, Young, Maritim, Ndungu, Stagg, Grootenhuis and Leitch, 1988b) where the same parasite stock was used.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…and Mutugi, Young, Maritim, Linyonyi, Mbogo and Leitch (1988a) have demonstrated that an analogue of parvaquone, buparvaquone (720C, Butalex, Coopers Animal Health) protects cattle against theileriosis when given at the same time as sporozoite stab[late inoculation. In a study where cattle were immunised against a virulent T. p. lawrencei parasite, buparvaquone controlled higher doses of this parasite stock (Mutugi et al, 1988a) better than both short-and long-acting oxytetracycline formulations as shown in a comparative immunisation study (Mutugi, Young, Maritim, Ndungu, Stagg, Grootenhuis and Leitch, 1988b) where the same parasite stock was used.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological observations on theileriosis following field immunisation using infection and treatment

Mutugi

Young

Kariuki

et al. 1991

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Thirty-seven high grade cattle were immunised against Corridor disease (Theileria parva lawrencei infection) on a farm with a history of heavy and often lethal theilerial challenge. Nineteen cattle were immunised by treating with two doses of long-acting oxytetracyclines given at 20 mg/kg on days 0 and 4 after sporozoite stabilate inoculation, while the other 18 were treated with naphthoquinone buparvaquone, given as a single dose of 2.5 mg/kg simultaneously with stabilate inoculation. All the cattle underwent subclinical theilerial reactions with all but two developing high antibody titres on the IFAT test against T. parva schizont antigen by day 35 after the immunisation. Both buparvaquone and long-acting oxytetracycline appeared equally effective in the immunisation. To date, 26 months later, only two cases of theileriosis parasitologically characteristic of T. p. parva have been reported in the immunised cattle. Following the two cases, investigations showed that when uninfected Rhipicephalus appendiculatus nymphal ticks were deliberately fed on healthy resident cattle on the farm, the resultant adult ticks transmitted acute and lethal theilerial infections to five out of five susceptible cattle. The resultant infections were parasitologically characteristic of T. p. parva infections. Furthermore, the monoclonal antibody profiles of schizont infected cell lines from these infections appeared to be characteristic of T. p. parva. It was thus concluded that resident cattle on the farm could be a potential source of T.p. parva infection which had broken through the immunity of T.p. lawrencei immunised cattle and could constitute a reservoir of theilerial infection for ticks and hence to susceptible stock on the farm.

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“…Such an approach has long been developed to vaccinate against theileriosis, with cattle being inoculated with live sporozoites and immediately treated with buparvaquone, the only drug currently available against Theileria parva and Theileria annulata, so far. 46,47 Another model could consist in applying suitable chemotherapeutics together with polypeptides acting as classical vaccines or immune-stimulators. Recombinant proteins produced in E. coli or via another suitable expression system may contain impurities and are very expensive, especially when produced in high purity at large scales.…”

Section: Toward a Strategy Against Neosporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines and drugs against Neospora caninum, an important apicomplexan causing abortion in cattle and other farm animals

Hemphill¹,

Müller²

2015

RIP

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Abstract:The apicomplexan parasite Neospora caninum represents an important abortioncausing parasite in cattle. The economic impact of neosporosis has led to considerable investments to develop vaccines that would prevent infection and abortion. Live-attenuated vaccines have been shown to confer some protection against N. caninum infection, but may cause problems due to regulatory issues and other drawbacks. Therefore, efforts have been undertaken to develop recombinant subunit vaccines based on antigens involved in adhesion/invasion or other parasite-host cell interaction processes. Concerning chemotherapeutical agents, the currently known arsenal of active drugs that act against N. caninum is limited to a small number of compounds with suitable in vitro properties including low inhibition constants, parasitocidal effects, and low cytotoxicity. For in vivo studies, mostly small laboratory animal models that mimic cerebral infection, acute disease, and fetal loss upon infection during pregnancy have been applied for the assessment of vaccines or drug candidates. However, only a small number of recombinant vaccines and drug candidates have met the expectations, and small laboratory models for neosporosis need to be standardized in order to be able to compare the results of different laboratories. Few vaccines and compounds have made it into trials involving ruminant models such as cattle or sheep, including live-attenuated vaccines and the anticoccidial drug toltrazuril. We here summarize the current status of vaccine and drug development for neosporosis.

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Immunization of cattle using varying infective doses of Theileria parva lawrencei sporozoites derived from an African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) and treatment with buparvaquone

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

In Vitro Screening of the Open-Source Medicines for Malaria Venture Malaria Box Reveals Novel Compounds with Profound Activities against Theileria annulata Schizonts

In Vitro Screening of the Open-Source Medicines for Malaria Venture Malaria Box Reveals Novel Compounds with Profound Activities against Theileria annulata Schizonts

Epidemiological observations on theileriosis following field immunisation using infection and treatment

Vaccines and drugs against Neospora caninum, an important apicomplexan causing abortion in cattle and other farm animals

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