Immunizations in College Health: The Remaining Tasks

Williams, Walter W.; Markowitz, Lauri E.; Cochi, Stephen L.; Hawkins, Carl E.; Rovira, Elizabeth Z.; Davis, Ronald M.; Hickson, Meredith A.; Preblud, Stephen R.

doi:10.1080/07448481.1987.9939641

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Two predominant patterns of measles transmission have been observed: outbreaks occurring in predominately unvaccinated inner-city preschool-age children, and outbreaks occurring in highly vaccinated secondary school and college populations.2,3 While most outbreaks occur in secondary schools, cases from college campuses have accounted for between 1.5 percent and 19.8 percent of cases each year from 1980 to 1989 (Table 1). 4,5 In 1983, the record low year for reported measles cases, campus outbreaks and non-campus cases associated with these outbreaks accounted for 32.4 percent of total cases. 6 There are several reasons why measles outbreaks may be likely to occur in colleges and universities.…”

Section: Introducionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A measles outbreak at a college with a prematriculation immunization requirement.

Hersh

Markowitz²,

Hoffman³

et al. 1991

Am J Public Health

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BACKGROUND. In early 1988 an outbreak of 84 measles cases occurred at a college in Colorado in which over 98 percent of students had documentation of adequate measles immunity (physician diagnosed measles, receipt of live measles vaccine on or after the first birthday, or serologic evidence of immunity) due to an immunization requirement in effect since 1986. METHODS. To examine potential risk factors for measles vaccine failure, we conducted a retrospective cohort study among students living in campus dormitories using student health service vaccination records. RESULTS. Overall, 70 (83 percent) cases had been vaccinated at greater than or equal to 12 months of age. Students living in campus dormitories were at increased risk for measles compared to students living off-campus (RR = 3.0, 95% CI = 2.0, 4.7). Students vaccinated at 12-14 months of age were at increased risk compared to those vaccinated at greater than or equal to 15 months (RR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.7, 5.7). Time since vaccination was not a risk factor for vaccine failure. Measles vaccine effectiveness was calculated to be 94% (95% CI = 86, 98) for vaccination at greater than or equal to 15 months. CONCLUSIONS. As in secondary schools, measles outbreaks can occur among highly vaccinated college populations. Implementation of recent recommendations to require two doses of measles vaccine for college entrants should help reduce measles outbreaks in college populations.

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Section: Introducionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A measles outbreak at a college with a prematriculation immunization requirement.

Hersh

Markowitz²,

Hoffman³

et al. 1991

Am J Public Health

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show abstract

“…Acute health problems include genitourinary, respiratory, or gastrointestin al infections. Outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, such as measles, mumps, and rubella, continue on college campuses (61,62). Nearly two thirds of sexually transmitted disease cases occur among persons under 25 years of age (13), many among college students.…”

Section: Health Problems Of College Studentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Issues For College Students

Patrick¹

1992

Annual Review of Public Health

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“…Outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, such as measles, mumps, and rubella, continue on college campuses (61,62). Nearly two thirds of sexually transmitted disease cases occur among persons under 25 years of age (13), many among college students.…”

Section: Health Problems Of College Studentsmentioning

confidence: 99%