Immuno-biochemical evaluations of phenol and thimerosal as antigen preservatives in Montenegro skin test

Mayrink, Wilson; Machado-Coelho, George Luiz Lins; Guimarães, Talita Antunes; Andrade, Hélida Monteiro de; Peres, Elúzia de Castro; Costa, Carlos Alberto da; Toledo, Vicente de Paulo Coelho Peixoto de

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2006.02.003

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…We observed the same number of bands in both the mtVac and phVac, but the latter were more intense. This phenomenon was also observed in Mst when it was conserved by phenol (Mayrink et al 2006).…”

Section: D (405nm)supporting

confidence: 59%

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Comparative evaluation of phenol and thimerosal as preservatives for a candidate vaccine against American cutaneous leishmaniasis

Mayrink¹,

Tavares

Deus

et al. 2010

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Section: D (405nm)supporting

confidence: 59%

“…4). Therefore, we can rule out the possibility of hypersensitivity to phenol reactogenicity, since Mayrink et al (2006) demonstrated its absence in Montenegro's antigens preserved by phenol as well as in merthiolate. Furthermore, in both groups the averages of the Mst induration diameters were not statistically significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative evaluation of phenol and thimerosal as preservatives for a candidate vaccine against American cutaneous leishmaniasis

Mayrink¹,

Tavares

Deus

et al. 2010

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…The test is useful for follow-up in vaccination programs, and is also used as a parameter for evaluating the development of immune protection. [910] The LST consists of the intradermal injection of a suspension of antigen prepared from dead promastigotes, and relies on the cell-mediated immune response that usually occurs with CL. The reaction read at 48-72 h.[9] Understanding the timing of LST is of significant importance to avoid false-negative results in those few cases that present with early disease; therefore, we excluded the patients with a clinical course shorter than 2 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of leishmanin skin test reaction in different variants of cutaneous leishmaniasis

et al. 2013

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Introduction:Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic disease which has different clinical forms. The aim of this study is to compare the response to leishmanin skin test (LST) in three forms of CL including plaque type, lupoid type, and sporotrichoid type.Materials and Methods:This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The patients enrolled in this study had three clinical forms of CL confirmed by positive smear of their lesions and then LST was performed for them. Results were categorized as negative (0-5 mm induration), positive (6-14 mm), and strongly positive (≥15 mm). The data were documented in the patients’ files and analyzed with SPSS windows software version 16 (Inc.Chicago, USA).Results:200 patients were enrolled in the study. In the group with plaque type, 86% had a positive LST, 13.3% were negative, and 0.7% were strongly positive. In the lupoid group, these figures were 45.8%, 8.4%, 45.8%, respectively. In the sporotrichoid group, LST was positive in 27.3%, negative in 72.7%, and none of the patients had a strongly positive reaction (P < 0.05). Discussion: The most of the positive LST were belong to plaque and lupoid groups, the most of strongly positive were belong to lupoid, and the most of negative LST were related with sporotrichoid type.Conclusion:It can be suggested that lupoid and sporotrichoid types of CL are parts of a continuous spectrum of the disease with an enhanced cellular immunity in lupoid form and a decreased state in sporotrichoid type.

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“…The Montenegro skin test (MST) has been employed for the immunological diagnosis of TL, although it does not make it possible to distinguish if the patients present either the acute or chronic disease or if they have already been cured or are noninfected subjects living in areas where the disease is endemic (14). In this context, tests based on antileishmanial serology could be used to contribute to the laboratory diagnosis of the disease (15).…”

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Proteins Selected in Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis by an Immunoproteomic Approach with Potential Serodiagnosis Applications for Tegumentary Leishmaniasis

Duarte

Pimenta

Menezes‐Souza

et al. 2015

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The serodiagnosis of human tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) presents some problems, such as the low level of antileishmanial antibodies found in most of the patients, as well as the cross-reactivity in subjects infected by other trypanosomatids. In the present study, an immunoproteomic approach was performed aimed at identification of antigens in total extracts of stationaryphase promastigote and amastigote-like forms of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis using sera from TL patients. With the purpose of reducing the cross-reactivity of the identified proteins, spots recognized by sera from TL patients, as well as those recognized by antibodies present in sera from noninfected patients living in areas where TL is endemic and sera from Chagas disease patients, were discarded. Two Leishmania hypothetical proteins and 18 proteins with known functions were identified as antigenic. The study was extended with some of them to validate the results of the immunoscreening. The coding regions of five of the characterized antigens (enolase, tryparedoxin peroxidase, eukaryotic initiation factor 5a, ␤-tubulin, and one of the hypothetical proteins) were cloned in a prokaryotic expression vector, and the corresponding recombinant proteins were purified and evaluated for the serodiagnosis of TL. The antigens presented sensitivity and specificity values ranging from 95.4 to 100% and 82.5 to 100%, respectively. As a comparative antigen, a preparation of Leishmania extract showed sensitivity and specificity values of 65.1 and 57.5%, respectively. The present study has enabled the identification of proteins able to be employed for the serodiagnosis of TL. L eishmaniasis consists of a spectrum of diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, which present high morbidity and mortality throughout the world (1). Approximately 350 million people in 98 countries are at risk of contracting the infection, while nearly 1.0 to 1.5 million cases of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) and 0.2 to 0.5 million cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are registered annually (2). Although TL is not a fatal disease, it is endemic in more than 70 countries, and 90% of the cases have occurred in Afghanistan, Algeria, Brazil, Pakistan, Peru, Saudi Arabia, and Syria (3). The disease exhibits distinct clinical manifestations, such as cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL), and mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) (4, 5). In Brazil, TL is caused mainly by infection with the species Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, Leishmania (V.) guyanensis, and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, although parasitological and molecular evidence has shown that L. braziliensis is the most important etiological agent of the disease (6, 7).At present, there is no gold standard test for TL diagnosis, and a combination of diagnostic methods is frequently needed to obtain more precise results (8). Parasitological diagnosis is definitive and consists of the microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained biopsy specimen smears, of histopathological examinati...

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Immuno-biochemical evaluations of phenol and thimerosal as antigen preservatives in Montenegro skin test

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Comparative evaluation of phenol and thimerosal as preservatives for a candidate vaccine against American cutaneous leishmaniasis

Comparative evaluation of phenol and thimerosal as preservatives for a candidate vaccine against American cutaneous leishmaniasis

Evaluation of leishmanin skin test reaction in different variants of cutaneous leishmaniasis

Proteins Selected in Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis by an Immunoproteomic Approach with Potential Serodiagnosis Applications for Tegumentary Leishmaniasis

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