Immuno-defense Strategy in Earthworms: A Review Article

Gupta, Shruti; Yadav, Shweta

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2016.504.117

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Especially, all the internal organs like seminal vesicle, testis, ovary, and prostate glands in earthworm are floated in the fluid system and obtained their nutrient for their optimal growth. Other than that the CF of earthworm is involved in respiratory activities, body movement, maintaining the moisture environment, and play a key role in innate immunity . CF has a different type of cell types like mucocytes, circular cells, Chloragogen cells, and coelomocytes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat‐inactivated coelomic fluid of the earthworm Perionyx excavatus is a possible alternative source for fetal bovine serum in animal cell culture

Vasantha

Rajagopalan

Christyraj

et al. 2019

Biotechnology Progress

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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is used as a major supplement in culturing animal cells under in vitro conditions. Due to ethical concern, high cost, biosafety, and geographical as well as batchwise result variations, it is important to reduce or replace the use of FBS in animal cell culture. The major objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of heat‐inactivated coelomic fluid (HI‐CF) of the earthworm, Perionyx excavatus as a possible alternative for FBS in animal cell culture experiments. The coelomic fluid (CF) was extruded from the earthworm using electric shock method and used for the experiments. Electric shock method is a simple non‐invasive technique, which has no harmful effect on earthworms. Mouse primary fibroblast and HeLa cell lines were used in this study. Among HI‐CF, autoclaved CF and crude CF, the supplement of medium with HI‐CF shows positive results. The processed HI‐CF (90°C for 5 min) at 10% supplement in cell culture medium promote maximum cell growth but cells need the initial support of FBS for the attachment to the culture flask. Microscopic observation and immunofluorescence assay with actin and lamin A confirm that the cellular and molecular morphology of the cells is maintained intact. The HI‐CF of earthworm, P. excavatus has shown better cellular viability when compared with FBS and making it possible as an alternative supplement to minimize the use of FBS.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other than that the CF of earthworm is involved in respiratory activities, body movement, maintaining the moisture environment, and play a key role in innate immunity. 16 CF has a different type of cell types like mucocytes, circular cells, Chloragogen cells, and coelomocytes. Similar to serum, CF contains watery matrix and plasma in the fluid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat‐inactivated coelomic fluid of the earthworm Perionyx excavatus is a possible alternative source for fetal bovine serum in animal cell culture

Vasantha

Rajagopalan

Christyraj

et al. 2019

Biotechnology Progress

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“…Surviving against the exposure of various soil microorganisms, earthworms developed certain immune responses where anti-microbial peptides played an important role [66]. Recent studies have confirmed the anti-microbial and anti-fungal property of earthworm powder or coelomocytic fluid.…”

Section: Anti-microbial/fungal Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, dried Lampito mauritii and Perionyx excavatus earthworm powder showed strong antibacterial resistance against the S. aureus, P. mirabilis, and P. aeruginosa bacterial strains [67]. Anti-microbial peptides may trigger hemolysis, cytotoxicity, hydrolysis, agglutination, and opsonization to defend earthworms [66]. Lumbricin I, a proline-rich (15%) antimicrobial peptide with a molecular weight of 7,231 Da, was first isolated from Lumbricus rubellus by Cho et al [68].…”

Section: Anti-microbial/fungal Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthworms: A Source of Protein

Ding¹,

Lin²,

He³

2019

JFSE

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Earthworms are important invertebrates that have been widely used as food and traditional medicine sources for thousands of years. Not only have researchers proven that earthworms are rich in proteins and other nutrients, they have also taken a keener interest in their unique pharmaceutical properties. Recent research has successfully discovered some beneficial functional components of earthworms due to the rapid development of biological technologies in the past decades. Therefore, earthworms could be a novel dietary supplement for human consumption. This review aims to summarize the current research about nutritional and therapeutic values of earthworms; and present a matured earthworm-derived product from Bocom Pharmaceuticals (USA) Corp as an example of its incorporation into a dietary supplement.

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“…На терминальных стадиях фагоцитоза в амебоцитах вырабатываются активные формы кислорода, что является эффективным механизмом уничтожения поглощенных микроорганизмов (Dhainaut, Scaps, 2001;Галактионов, 2005Галактионов, [Galaktionov, 2005; Söderhäll, 2010). С подробным описанием известных гуморальных факторов олигохет можно ознакомиться в специализированных обзорах (Engelmann et al, 2002(Engelmann et al, , 2005Gupta, Yadav, 2016).…”

Section: Fig 1 Coelomocytes Of Lumbricus Terrestris (Based Onunclassified

Morphology, cytogenesis and functions of Annelida coelomocytes

Stanovova

2019

Invertzool

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В статье дан краткий обзор основных типов целомоцитов, описанных для представителей таксона кольчатых червей. Охвачены амебоциты, элеоциты и частично эритроциты. Рассмотрено морфологическое разнообразие и функции различных типов целомоцитов у представителей трех классов аннелид. Также обсуждаются гипотезы о возможных сайтах пролиферации и дифференциации этих типов клеток.

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Immuno-defense Strategy in Earthworms: A Review Article

Cited by 15 publications

References 57 publications

Heat‐inactivated coelomic fluid of the earthworm Perionyx excavatus is a possible alternative source for fetal bovine serum in animal cell culture

Heat‐inactivated coelomic fluid of the earthworm Perionyx excavatus is a possible alternative source for fetal bovine serum in animal cell culture

Earthworms: A Source of Protein

Morphology, cytogenesis and functions of Annelida coelomocytes

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