Immunoblot analyses of chimpanzee sera after infection and after immunization and challenge with Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Franzoso, Guido; Hu, Ping-Chuan; Meloni, G. A.; Barile, Michael F.

doi:10.1128/iai.62.3.1008-1014.1994

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Using a chimpanzee model, a number of protein bands could be identified as immunogenic components of M. pneumoniae in immunoblot analysis of their sera after infection with M. pneumoniae. Similar findings were observed in immunoblot analysis of patients sera infected with M. pneumoniae showing protein bands of approximate masses of 169, 148, 130, 117, 86, 56, 35, 32, 30 and 29kDa (25). However, the major proteins that have been experimentally shown to participate in cytadherence are P1 (170 kDa), P30 (30 kDa), P116 and proteins HMW1 (High molecular Weight) to HMW3, as well as proteins A, B and C ( Figure 1) (30,39,100,101).…”

Section: Cytadherencesupporting

confidence: 86%

Adhesion proteins of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Chaudhry¹

2007

Front Biosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mycoplasmas are unique cell wall deficient, cholesterol requiring, highly pleomorphic bacteria that possess very small genome. M. pneumoniae is an important human pathogen that possesses specialized tip organelle to mediate cytadherence. It is a complex multifactorial process requiring a group of mycoplasma proteins such as P1, P30, P116 and HMW1-3. Expression of major mycoplasma adhesin proteins in heterologous expression systems provides an opportunity to study the role(s) of these proteins in pathogenicity and helps to develop diagnostic reagents. In this review we highlight the role(s) of various cytadhesin proteins of M. pneumoniae.

show abstract

Section: Cytadherencesupporting

confidence: 86%

Adhesion proteins of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Chaudhry¹

2007

Front Biosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While experimental respiratory infections by this mycoplasma can be induced in hamsters, the development of lung disease is different from in humans, and intratracheal inoculation of the hamsters is essential for successful infection. Only chimpanzees can be infected by droplet infection like humans, and this infection produces a respiratory disease remarkably similar to the naturally occurring pneumonia in humans (21,138).…”

Section: Mycoplasmas In Nontypical Hosts and Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Molecular Biology and Pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas

Razin

Yogev

Naot

1998

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

1,502

954

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY The recent sequencing of the entire genomes of Mycoplasma genitalium and M. pneumoniae has attracted considerable attention to the molecular biology of mycoplasmas, the smallest self-replicating organisms. It appears that we are now much closer to the goal of defining, in molecular terms, the entire machinery of a self-replicating cell. Comparative genomics based on comparison of the genomic makeup of mycoplasmal genomes with those of other bacteria, has opened new ways of looking at the evolutionary history of the mycoplasmas. There is now solid genetic support for the hypothesis that mycoplasmas have evolved as a branch of gram-positive bacteria by a process of reductive evolution. During this process, the mycoplasmas lost considerable portions of their ancestors’ chromosomes but retained the genes essential for life. Thus, the mycoplasmal genomes carry a high percentage of conserved genes, greatly facilitating gene annotation. The significant genome compaction that occurred in mycoplasmas was made possible by adopting a parasitic mode of life. The supply of nutrients from their hosts apparently enabled mycoplasmas to lose, during evolution, the genes for many assimilative processes. During their evolution and adaptation to a parasitic mode of life, the mycoplasmas have developed various genetic systems providing a highly plastic set of variable surface proteins to evade the host immune system. The uniqueness of the mycoplasmal systems is manifested by the presence of highly mutable modules combined with an ability to expand the antigenic repertoire by generating structural alternatives, all compressed into limited genomic sequences. In the absence of a cell wall and a periplasmic space, the majority of surface variable antigens in mycoplasmas are lipoproteins. Apart from providing specific antimycoplasmal defense, the host immune system is also involved in the development of pathogenic lesions and exacerbation of mycoplasma induced diseases. Mycoplasmas are able to stimulate as well as suppress lymphocytes in a nonspecific, polyclonal manner, both in vitro and in vivo. As well as to affecting various subsets of lymphocytes, mycoplasmas and mycoplasma-derived cell components modulate the activities of monocytes/macrophages and NK cells and trigger the production of a wide variety of up-regulating and down-regulating cytokines and chemokines. Mycoplasma-mediated secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 (IL-1), and IL-6, by macrophages and of up-regulating cytokines by mitogenically stimulated lymphocytes plays a major role in mycoplasma-induced immune system modulation and inflammatory responses.

show abstract

“…Immunotherapy has been suggested for mycoplasmal infections, but there are few examples in the literature. In non-human primates mycoplasmal infections have been prophylactically treated by prior immunization with immunogenic surface components [118] [168]. Humans have also been immunized with mycoplasma (M. pneumoniae) components, and the results have generally been promising [169] [170].…”

Section: Oxidative and Other Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Mycoplasma Infections in Chronic Illnesses: General Considerations in Selecting Conventional and Integrative Treatments

Nicolson¹

2019

IJCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The presence of pathogenic mycoplasmas in various chronic illnesses and their successful suppression using conventional and integrative medicine approaches are reviewed. Evidence gathered over the last three decades has demonstrated the presence of pathogenic mycoplasma species in the blood, body fluids and tissues from patients with a variety of chronic clinical conditions: atypical pneumonia, asthma and other respiratory conditions; oral cavity infections; urogenital conditions; neurodegenerative and neurobehavioral diseases; autoimmune diseases; immunosuppressive diseases; inflammatory diseases; and illnesses and syndromes of unknown origin, such as fatiguing illnesses. Only recently have these small intracellular bacteria received attention as possible causative agents, cofactors or opportunistic infections or co-infections in these and other conditions. Their clinical management is often inadequate, primarily because of missed diagnosis, underand inadequate treatment and the presence of persister or dormant microorganisms due to biofilm, resistence and other mechanisms. Pathogenic Mycoplasma species infections have been suppressed slowly by anti-microbial and integrative treatments, resulting in gradual reductions in morbidity, but not in every patient. Even if mycoplasmas are not a cause or an initial trigger for many chronic illnesses, they appear to play important roles in the inception, progression, morbidity and relapse of chronic illnesses in rather large patient subsets. Ignoring such infections can result in failure to achieve eventual patient recovery, even with application of potentially curative treatments.

show abstract

Immunoblot analyses of chimpanzee sera after infection and after immunization and challenge with Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Adhesion proteins of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Adhesion proteins of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Molecular Biology and Pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas

Pathogenic Mycoplasma Infections in Chronic Illnesses: General Considerations in Selecting Conventional and Integrative Treatments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About