Immunochemical analysis of parasporal crystal digests of Bacillus thuringiensis as an index of insecticidal activity

Winkler, Victor W.; Hansen, Gary D.; Yoder, J.M.

doi:10.1016/0022-2011(71)90041-3

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For those reasons it has long been desired to replace insect bioassays with chemical or in vitro assays. Winkler et al (1971), while at Abbott Laboratories, published a description of an immunochemical technique to determine the amount of crystal protein and its relationship to insecticidal activity as determined by insect bioassay. The technique took 48 h and had a 9&107% agreement with insect bioassay, depending upon the number of determinations and samples.…”

Section: Standardization Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

INVITATION PAPER (C.P. ALEXANDER FUND): HISTORY OFBACILLUS THURINGIENSISBERLINER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Beegle

Yamamoto²

1992

Can Entomol

204

125

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This review article starts with the discovery of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner in Japan at the turn of the century and notes that the observations of the early Japanese workers clearly show that they were aware of the toxin-mediated nature of the activity of B. thuringiensis toward insect larvae. The early work in Europe with B. thuringiensis against Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner) showed that the bacterium had promise as a microbial control agent. The commercial development of B. thuringiensis in France in the late 1930s, and in Eastern Europe and the United States in the 1950s, is traced.

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Section: Standardization Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

INVITATION PAPER (C.P. ALEXANDER FUND): HISTORY OFBACILLUS THURINGIENSISBERLINER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Beegle

Yamamoto²

1992

Can Entomol

204

125

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“…The first immunoassay application to BT was the rocket-immunoelectrophoresis assay (36). This technique has been largely supplanted by the ELISA techniques using monoclonal and specific polyclonal antibodies as described in Chapter 7.…”

Section: Immunological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Chemistry of Bacillus thuringiensis

Hickle¹,

Fitch²

1990

ACS Symposium Series

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This article presents a review of the analytical chemistry of Bacillus thuringiensis and an introduction to the remaining chapters in this book. Included are critical evaluations of the appropriate analytical targets, sample preparation and determination by bioassay, immunoassay, electrophoresis and chromatography. Issues of purifying reference standards are also discussed.The bacterial species Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) consists of a variety of strains which are toxic to insects. Interest in products derived from these strains has undergone a renaissance in recent years due to environmental concerns associated with the use of synthetic pesticides. This has given rise to active BT research and development programs in industry, academia and government worldwide (1,2). Although there are recent reviews available on the molecular biology (3,4) and mode of action (5) of these materials, the information available on actually quantifying the active components is scattered throughout the literature. This review covers those aspects of BT technology relevant to quantifying the active product constituents in novel strains, genetically engineered plants and microbes, and in the environment. AnalytesRational analysis requires a thorough knowledge of the object of the analysisthe analyte or analytes. Definition of the active constituents of BT is complex because the fermentation broths which form the basis of experimental and production materials are mixtures of soluble and insoluble proteins, spores, bacterial metabolites, and growth media components. These multiple "analytes" interact synergistically to different degrees as toxins to different target insects.The main toxins of BT are a series of structurally related proteins which are present in the sporulated cultures as crystalline inclusion bodies. These

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“…Bioassays generally take from 4 to 7 days and require considerable labor in maintaining, rearing, and testing suitable insect larvae. Immunoelectrophoretic assays (Winkler et at., 1971) reduced the assay period to 48 hr but the time to carry out the assay was still longer than the duration of the fermentation. Andrews et at.…”

Section: Endotoxin Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus

1989

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Immunochemical analysis of parasporal crystal digests of Bacillus thuringiensis as an index of insecticidal activity

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

INVITATION PAPER (C.P. ALEXANDER FUND): HISTORY OFBACILLUS THURINGIENSISBERLINER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

INVITATION PAPER (C.P. ALEXANDER FUND): HISTORY OFBACILLUS THURINGIENSISBERLINER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Analytical Chemistry of Bacillus thuringiensis

Bacillus

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