Immunocytochemical demonstration of feline infectious peritonitis virus within cerebrospinal fluid macrophages

Ives, Edward; Vanhaesebrouck, An; Cian, Francesco

doi:10.1177/1098612x13491960

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The authors characterised genetically two genotypes of coronaviruses: type 1 causing FIP‐like disease and type 2 causing epizootic catarrhal enteritis. Recently, the use of immunohistochemistry for detection of feline coronavirus within CSF macrophages permitted diagnosis of FIP in a cat (Ives et al ). These new diagnostic techniques could be helpful to diagnose ante‐mortem FSCD infection in ferrets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral pyogranuloma associated with systemic coronavirus infection in a ferret

Gnirs¹,

Quinton²,

Dally³

et al. 2015

J of Small Animal Practice

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A 2-year-old male ferret was presented with central nervous system signs. Computed tomography (CT) of the brain revealed a well-defined contrast-enhancing lesion on the rostral forebrain that appeared extraparenchymal. Surgical excision of the mass was performed and the ferret was euthanised during the procedure. Histopathology of the excised mass showed multiple meningeal nodular lesions with infiltrates of epithelioid macrophages, occasionally centred on degenerated neutrophils and surrounded by a broad rim of plasma cells, features consistent with pyogranulomatous meningitis. The histopathological features in this ferret were similar to those in cats with feline infectious peritonitis. Definitive diagnosis was assessed by immunohistochemistry, confirming a ferret systemic coronavirus (FSCV) associated disease. This is the first case of coronavirus granuloma described on CT-scan in the central nervous system of a ferret.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral pyogranuloma associated with systemic coronavirus infection in a ferret

Gnirs¹,

Quinton²,

Dally³

et al. 2015

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…Effusions often contain numerous virus positive macrophages that can be concentrated onto slides. This technique has also been used successfully to detect FIPV infected macrophages within the cerebrospinal fluid of a cat with neurologic disease (Ives et al, 2013).…”

Section: Immunostaining Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on feline infectious peritonitis: Diagnostics and therapeutics

Pedersen

2014

The Veterinary Journal

175

252

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This review is concerned with what has been learned about feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) diagnostics and therapeutics since the publication of an extensive overview of literature covering the period 1963-2009. Although progress has been made in both areas, obtaining a definitive diagnosis of FIP remains a problem for those veterinarians and/or cat owners who require absolute certainty. This review will cover both indirect and direct diagnostic tests for the disease and will emphasize their limitations, as well as their specificity and sensitivity. There is still no effective treatment for FIP, although there are both claims that such therapies exist and glimmers of hope coming from new therapies that are under research. FIP has also been identified in wild felids and FIP-like disease is now a growing problem among pet ferrets.

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“…For infectious diseases, PSICC is a promising tool for the intracellular detection of viral proteins. One of the most common situations is in the detection of feline coronavirus (FCoV) for the diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), in which the presence of intracellular viral antigens in macrophages must be demonstrated . This approach requires preservation of both the target antigen and host cell morphology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigens under cover—The preservation and demasking of selected antigens for successful poststaining immunocytochemistry of effusion, brain smears, and lymph node aspirates

Dörfelt¹,

Matiasek²,

Felten³

et al. 2019

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Background:In clinical cytology, the applicability of an ancillary test such as immunocytochemistry is too often limited by low sample volume, poor cell representation, and sample preservation. Diagnosticians often read Romanowsky-stained cytology, although specific techniques such as immunocytochemistry are often essential for a definitive diagnosis. Objectives:The goal of the present study aimed to investigate if immunocytochemistry on previously-stained cytologic specimens was possible. Different pretreatments were examined to determine which treatment preserved antigenicity best. Methods:One hundred and twenty-two impression smears and 64 fine-needle aspirate preparations of brain and lymph nodes were processed and evaluated microscopically. The impact of staining cytologic preparations with a modified Wright's stain, using a destaining method, performing a coverslipping and decoverslipping process, and subjecting smears to a microwave treatment (MWT) were examined for the immunolabeling of selected nuclear, cytoplasmic, and plasmalemmal antigens, as well as intracellular feline coronavirus (FCoV). Biotinylated secondary antibodies were used, and the bound primary antibody was visualized using an ABC amplification kit.Results: Cellular antigens were reliably detected with immunocytochemistry after smears were stained with a Romansky stain and were coverslipped early after staining and stayed coverslipped until immediately before immunolabeling. The staining intensity reached the same levels as that of the controls if the films underwent MWT in citrate buffer. In contrast, FCoV antigen detection was abolished after any physicochemical interference. Conclusions:Poststaining immunocytochemistry represents a practical tool for additional investigations on prestained cytologic specimens when searching for cellular antigens. Paired untreated samples should be kept in case the workup requires testing for more vulnerable viral antigens. K E Y W O R D Scoverslip, destaining, feline infectious peritonitis, microwave, neurocytology

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Immunocytochemical demonstration of feline infectious peritonitis virus within cerebrospinal fluid macrophages

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Cerebral pyogranuloma associated with systemic coronavirus infection in a ferret

Cerebral pyogranuloma associated with systemic coronavirus infection in a ferret

An update on feline infectious peritonitis: Diagnostics and therapeutics

Antigens under cover—The preservation and demasking of selected antigens for successful poststaining immunocytochemistry of effusion, brain smears, and lymph node aspirates

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