Immunocytochemical demonstration of glycogen phosphorylase in Müller (glial) cells of the mammalian retina

Pfeiffer, Brigitte; Grosche, Jens; Reichenbach, Andreas; Hamprecht, Bernd

doi:10.1002/glia.440120108

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Our immunohistochemical methods have demonstrated that neuronal localization of GP in the rat nervous system is an exception and remains restricted very specifically to Me5 neurons and dorsal root ganglia, both being primary sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system. Neurons in the central nervous system, including neurons of the retina (Pfeiffer et al 1994) and the spinal cord are without immunoreactivity. This is especially true for secondary sensory neurons, such as the neurons of the main sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve, the nuclei of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, and the nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus, all of which are relay stations for somatic sensory information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical localization of glycogen phosphorylase in primary sensory ganglia of the peripheral nervous system of the rat

Pfeiffer

Buse

Meyermann

et al. 1995

Histochem Cell Biol

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Neuronal localization was investigated of glycogen phosphorylase (GP) in ganglia of the peripheral nervous system of the rat. Immunofluorescence and immunoenzymatic procedures were applied with a monoclonal anti-bovine brain GP antibody on paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Immunoreactivity was only present in the somatic neurons of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus in the brain stem and in dorsal root ganglia (DRG), but not in the autonomic neurons of the superior cervical ganglia or in the sensory nuclei of the spinal cord. GP immunoreactivity was present as early as day 1 after birth. In the adult rat, staining was present in neurons of different sizes, and to varying intensities. No relationship was apparent between the staining intensities and morphologically distinguishable types of neurons. In DRG, the type of reactivity was the same from cervical to sacral ganglia. The selected occurrence of GP in specific neurons of the peripheral nervous system in contrast to the ubiquitous occurrence in all astrocytes of the central nervous system may indicate a different role of neuronal glycogen compared to astrocytic glycogen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical localization of glycogen phosphorylase in primary sensory ganglia of the peripheral nervous system of the rat

Pfeiffer

Buse

Meyermann

et al. 1995

Histochem Cell Biol

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“…Also in another part of the central nervous system, the retina, specific staining for glycogen phosphorylase was only detected in the Mü ller glial cells and the astrocytes of the nerve fiber layer (Pfeiffer et al, 1994). The monoclonal antibodies used could not discriminate between the brain, muscle and liver isoforms of glycogen phosphorylase.…”

Section: Enzymes Of Glycogen Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 98%

Metabolic pathways for glucose in astrocytes

Wiesinger

Hamprecht

Dringen

1997

Glia

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167

110

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Cultured astroglial cells are able to utilize the monosaccharides glucose, mannose, or fructose as well as the sugar alcohol sorbitol as energy fuel. Astroglial uptake of the aldoses is carrier‐mediated, whereas a non‐saturable transport mechanism is operating for fructose and sorbitol. The first metabolic step for all sugars, including fructose being generated by enzymatic oxidation of sorbitol, is phosphorylation by hexokinase. Besides glucose only mannose may serve as substrate for build‐up of astroglial glycogen. Whereas glycogen synthase appears to be present in astrocytes as well as neurons, the exclusive localization of glycogen phosphorylase in astrocytes and ependymal cells of central nervous tissue correlates well with the occurrence of glycogen in these cells. The identification of lactic acid rather than glucose as degradation product of astroglial glycogen appears to render the presence of glucose‐6‐phosphatase in cultured astrocytes an enigma. The colocalization of pyruvate carboxylase, phosphenolpyruvate carboxykinase and fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase points to astrocytes as being the gluconeogenic cell type of the CNS. GLIA 21:22–34, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…However, histochemical analysis of glycogen distribution in the frog retina demonstrated the presence of glycogen in all retinal layers (Schabadasch and Schabadasch 1972). Glycogen storage in the mammalian retina was localized mainly in Müller glial cells (Kuwabara and Cogan 1961;Mizuno and Sato 1975;Poitry-Yamate and Tsacopoulos 1992;Rungger-Brändle et al 1996) and immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the presence of glycogen phosphorylase in the same cells (Pfeiffer et al 1994).…”

Section: Nervous Tissue Requires a High Level Of Energy Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycogen metabolism in the rat retina

Coffe

Carbajal

Salceda

2004

Journal of Neurochemistry

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It has been reported that glycogen levels in retina vary with retinal vascularization. However, the electrical activity of isolated retina depends on glucose supply, suggesting that it does not contain energetic reserves. We determined glycogen levels and pyruvate and lactate production under various conditions in isolated retina. Ex vivo retinas from light-and dark-adapted rats showed values of 44 ± 0.3 and 19.5 ± 0.4 nmol glucosyl residues/mg protein, respectively. The glycogen content of retinas from light-adapted animals was reduced by 50% when they were transferred to darkness. Glycogen levels were low in retinas incubated in glucose-free media and increased in the presence of glucose. The highest glycogen values were found in media containing 20 mM of glucose. A rapid increase in lactate production was observed in the presence of glucose. Surprisingly, glycogen levels were the lowest and lactate production was also very low in the presence of 30 mM glucose. Our results suggest that glycogen can be used as an immediate accessible energy reserve in retina. We speculate on the possibility that gluconeogenesis may play a protective role by removal of lactic acid.

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Immunocytochemical demonstration of glycogen phosphorylase in Müller (glial) cells of the mammalian retina

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Immunocytochemical localization of glycogen phosphorylase in primary sensory ganglia of the peripheral nervous system of the rat

Immunocytochemical localization of glycogen phosphorylase in primary sensory ganglia of the peripheral nervous system of the rat

Metabolic pathways for glucose in astrocytes

Glycogen metabolism in the rat retina

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