Immunocytochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase in the carotid body of the cat and rabbit

Wang, Z.-Z.; Stensaas, L. J.; Dinger, B.; Fidone, S.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90407-1

Cited by 38 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The pattern of immunoreactivity exhibited a wide spectrum of reaction products ranging from low to very high. These authors also identified ChAT-positive axons which they speculated belonged to the known parasympathetic in-nervation to the carotid body (Wang et al, 1989). In a subsequent publication these authors also showed that ChAT and D␤H immunoreactivity were colocalized in more than 85% of the glomus cells in the cat carotid body (Wang et al, 1992).…”

Section: Cholinergic Neurotransmitter System Involved In Arterial Chementioning

confidence: 91%

“…This hypothesis has been coined the "cholinergic hypothesis" and has been most strongly supported by studies performed in adult cats. Specifically, 1) exogenous ACh in situ and in vitro increases carotid sinus nerve activity and nicotinic receptor antagonist abolished the response; 2) endogenous ACh content and synthesis has been measured in the carotid body; and 3) choline acetyltransferase (ChAT, rate-limiting enzyme for ACh synthesis) immunoreactivity has been detected in glomus cells (Wang et al, 1989) of the adult cat. However, other studies in the same species have questioned ACh as having a major role as an excitatory transmitter involved in hypoxic chemosensitivity.…”

Section: Cholinergic Neurotransmitter System Involved In Arterial Chementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, ChAT antibodies have been developed and have been used to determine if the carotid body of several animal species contain ChAT immunoreactivity (Wang et al, 1989). Wang et al (1989), using a monoclonal antibody against bovine ChAT, identified ChAT immunoreactivity throughout the cat carotid body. The pattern of immunoreactivity exhibited a wide spectrum of reaction products ranging from low to very high.…”

Section: Cholinergic Neurotransmitter System Involved In Arterial Chementioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene expression in peripheral arterial chemoreceptors

Gauda

2002

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The peripheral arterial chemoreceptors of the carotid body participate in the ventilatory responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia, the arousal responses to asphyxial apnea, and the acclimatization to high altitude. In response to an excitatory stimuli, glomus cells in the carotid body depolarize, their intracellular calcium levels rise, and neurotransmitters are released from them. Neurotransmitters then bind to autoreceptors on glomus cells and postsynaptic receptors on chemoafferents of the carotid sinus nerve. Binding to inhibitory or excitatory receptors on chemoafferents control the electrical activity of the carotid sinus nerve, which provides the input to respiratory-related brainstem nuclei. We and others have used gene expression in the carotid body as a tool to determine what neurotransmitters mediate the response of peripheral arterial chemoreceptors to excitatory stimuli, specifically hypoxia. Data from physiological studies support the involvement of numerous putative neurotransmitters in hypoxic chemosensitivity. This article reviews how in situ hybridization histochemistry and other cellular localization techniques confirm, refute, or expand what is known about the role of dopamine, norepinephrine, substance P, acetylcholine, adenosine, and ATP in chemotransmission. In spite of some species differences, review of the available data support that 1). dopamine and norepinephrine are synthesized and released from glomus cells in all species and play an inhibitory role in hypoxic chemosensitivity; 2). substance P and acetylcholine are not synthesized in glomus cells of most species but may be made and released from nerve fibers innervating the carotid body in essentially all species; 3). adenosine and ATP are ubiquitous molecules that most likely play an excitatory role in hypoxic chemosensitivity.

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Section: Cholinergic Neurotransmitter System Involved In Arterial Chementioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Cholinergic Neurotransmitter System Involved In Arterial Chementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cholinergic Neurotransmitter System Involved In Arterial Chementioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene expression in peripheral arterial chemoreceptors

Gauda

2002

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…The physiological role of ACh, and of type I cell cholinergic receptors is less certain. To date, ACh in the carotid body has only been found in type I cells (Wang, Stensaas, Dinger & Fidone, 1989) whence it would appear to be released during carotid body stimulation (Eyzaguirre & Zapata, 1984). Similarly, cholinergic receptors in the carotid body are principally located on type I and type II cells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscarinic and nicotinic receptors raise intracellular Ca2+ levels in rat carotid body type I cells.

Dassò

Buckler

Vaughan‐Jones

1997

The Journal of Physiology

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“…3]. It was also reported that an 'ACh-like' substance is released from the organ under conditions of natural stimulation [4], The possible importance of ACh in chemorecep tion received further support from later inves tigations showing that its synthetic enzyme, choline acetyltransferase, is localized to type I cells [5], and that ACh is synthesized and stored in the carotid body [6,7], A unified interpretation of the pharmaco logical actions of ACh has been hampered, however, by more recent findings which show that cholinergic drugs are primarily inhibitory in the rabbit carotid body. Pharmacological studies in vivo and in vitro demonstrated that the inhibition in the rabbit is a muscarinic effect [8.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Nicotinic versus Muscarinic Bonding Sites in Cat and Rabbit Carotid Bodies

Hirano¹,

Dinger²,

Yoshizaki³

et al. 1992

Biological Signals

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It has been suggested that acetylcholine (ACh) might play an important role in carotid body chemoreception. However, a unified explanation of the actions of ACh in this organ has been lacking, due in part to the opposite pharmacological effects of this agent on carotid sinus nerve discharge in different animal species, most notably the cat, where ACh is excitatory, versus the rabbit, where it is inhibitory. In the present study, we utilized receptor binding techniques to compare the nicotinic and muscarinic receptor populations in the carotid bodies of these two species. Our results with the nicotinic ligand ¹²⁵I-Α-bungarotoxin and the muscarinic ligand ³H-quinuclidinyl benzilate suggest that nicotinic receptors predominate in the cat by a ratio of 2:1, while in the rabbit, a 12:1 ratio favors muscarinic receptors. Our data suggest that the relative numbers of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in the carotid bodies of these two species determine the excitatory or inhibitory actions of exogenously administered ACh in this chemoreceptor organ.

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Immunocytochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase in the carotid body of the cat and rabbit

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Gene expression in peripheral arterial chemoreceptors

Gene expression in peripheral arterial chemoreceptors

Muscarinic and nicotinic receptors raise intracellular Ca2+ levels in rat carotid body type I cells.

Nicotinic versus Muscarinic Bonding Sites in Cat and Rabbit Carotid Bodies

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