Immunocytochemical localization of the allergenic proteins in the pollen of Cryptomeria japonica

Is the quantity of orbicules released by Dactylis glomerata and Cynosurus echinatus (Poaceae) big enough to play an allergenic role?

“…B. pendula Roth.) (Vinckier et al, 2006), Corylus avellana L. (Vinckier et al, 2005), Cryptomeria japonica (L. f.) D. Don (Miki-Hirosige et al, 1994), and of several species of Cupressus (Suarez-Cervera et al, 2003;Canini et al, 2004). However, they have yet to be found in orbicules of many other clinically important species, including grasses.…”

“…Accordingly, orbicules are able to reach the peripheral airways with inhaled air inducing asthma in susceptible individuals if they are loaded with allergens. Recently, the presence of pollen allergens in association with orbicules was verified in some species using immunocytochemical methods (Miki-Hirosige et al, 1994;Suarez-Cervera et al, 2003;Canini et al, 2004;Vinckier et al, 2005Vinckier et al, , 2006. This suggests that orbicules may act as very effective vectors of allergens (Vinckier & Smets, 2001a, b;Vinckier et al, 2005).…”

“…However, there are still conflicting reports regarding whether or not the amount of orbicules released into the atmosphere is significant (cf. Miki-Hirosige et al, 1994;ElGhazaly et al, 1995;Takahashi et al, 1995;Staff et al, 1999;Vinckier & Smets, 2001a, b;SuarezCervera et al, 2003;Vinckier et al, 2006).…”

Immunogold probes for light and electron microscopic localization of Ole e I in several Oleaceae pollens.

“…Earlier studies with light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have reported the localization of allergens in pollen from ragweed, ryegrass, mugwort, birch, alder, Japanese cedar, and hazel, among other allergenic species (Avjioglu et al, 1994;Grote et al, 1994;Miki-Hirosige et al, 1994;Kos et al, 1993;Vrtala et al, 1993;Singh et al, 1991;Staff et al, 1990).…”

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Single-Chain Fv Antibodies Raised against Pollen Allergens from Japanese Cedar (Cryptomeria japonicaD. Don)

“…[8][9][10] It has also been reported that the Cryj1 protein is localized on the sexines, nexines, orbicles, and the cell walls of developing cells in the pollen. 11) In addition to expression of the Cryj1 gene, specific and preferential expression of other genes for pectate lyaselike proteins in pollen has been reported for several other plant species. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Genes for polygalacturonaselike proteins, such as Cryj2, and the gene for a pectin methyl esterase are also expressed in pollen.…”