1996
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.1996.tb00900.x
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Immunocytochemically detectable metallothionein is expressed by astrocytes in the ischaemic human brain

Abstract: The metallothioneins in vitro are both effective free radical and transitional metal ion scavengers. For this reason we investigated the expression of this protein in the normal CNS and after ischaemia using a monoclonal anti-metallothionein antibody to metallothionein isoforms I and II. Using immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy, we found anti-GFAP and anti-metallothionein were co-localized in astrocytes at the edges of infarcts. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis demonstrated high l… Show more

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Cited by 41 publications
(17 citation statements)
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“…The gemistocytic astrocytes express metallothionein that maintains a steady-state concentration of zinc and protects the neurons from free radicals injury (16). High concentrations of copper and iron are demonstrated in the hypertrophied astrocytes expressed in an ischemic human brain (17). The protein hydration layer of the gemistocytes contributes to the T1 hyperintensity, but not to the susceptibility changes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The gemistocytic astrocytes express metallothionein that maintains a steady-state concentration of zinc and protects the neurons from free radicals injury (16). High concentrations of copper and iron are demonstrated in the hypertrophied astrocytes expressed in an ischemic human brain (17). The protein hydration layer of the gemistocytes contributes to the T1 hyperintensity, but not to the susceptibility changes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, significant upregulation of these proteins has been observed in a number of human neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (55,(79)(80)(81)(82)), Pick's disease (79), short-course Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (72), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (83)(84)(85), and multiple sclerosis (86,87). Experiments carried out in animal models fully demonstrated the response of MT-1&2 to brain damage elicited by inflammatory factors such as lipopolysaccharides (11, 15, 24, 88), stress (62,(89)(90)(91), glutamate analogues (37,51,59,(92)(93)(94)(95), cryogenic injury (28,32,66,71), stroke/ischemia (17, [95][96][97][98], familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis models (38,67,99,100), multiple sclerosis models (101)(102)(103), and gliotoxins (104)(105)(106).…”
Section: Transgenic Mice Show That Metallothionein-1and2 Are Essential mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the central nervous system (CNS), MT-I+II are expressed coordinately and are increased in macrophages/microglia and astrocytes during various inflammatory and pathologic conditions, including human neurodegenerative disorders, experimentally induced brain injury, epileptic seizures, brain ischemia, astroglial cell death, metal exposure, stress, and myelin deficiency (Agullo et al, 1998;Dalton et al, 1995;Duguid et al, 1989;Gasull et al, 1994;Hidalgo et al, 1990Neal et al, 1996;Penkowa et al, 1999b,c;Sillevis Smitt et al, 1992;Vela et al, 1997;Zambenedetti et al, 1998).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%