Immunocytochemistry of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, vasopressin, and corticotropin following deafferentation of the basal hypothalamus of the male rat brain

Scott, Paula; Knigge, Karl M.

doi:10.1007/bf00210157

Cited by 27 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…On the basis of histology, feeding behavior, and caloric efficiency of the lesioned rats in this study, we are confident that the dorsal extent of our cut does not impinge on the VMN. Basal hypothalamic deafferentation with a longer knife blade results in increased food intake but not significantly increased body weight (Scott and Knigge, 1981), in contrast to the pattern of increased food intake and body weight gain that is seen in the lesioned animals here.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Disruption of Arcuate/Paraventricular Nucleus Connections Changes Body Energy Balance and Response to Acute Stress

et al. 2000

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The mediobasal hypothalamus regulates functions necessary for survival, including body energy balance and adaptation to stress. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the contribution of the arcuate nucleus (ARC) in controlling these two functions by the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Circular, horizontal cuts (1.0 mm radius) were placed immediately above the anterior ARC to sever afferents to the PVN. In shams the knife was lowered to the same coordinates but was not rotated. Food intake and body weight were monitored twice daily, at the beginning and end of the light cycle, for 1 week. On the final day the animals were restrained for 30 min. Lesioned animals had increased food intake in light and dark periods, higher weight gain per day, and more body fat as compared with shams. There was no difference in caloric efficiency. Unlike shams, lesioned rats had no predictable relationship between plasma insulin and leptin.Plasma ACTH was increased at 0 min in lesioned rats but was decreased 15 and 30 min after restraint as compared with shams. There was no difference in plasma corticosterone. Immunostaining revealed that ␣-melanocortin (␣MSH) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) accumulated below the cuts, and both were decreased in PVN. Food intake and body weight were correlated negatively to ␣MSH, but not NPY in PVN. There was no difference in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA, but NPY mRNA was reduced in the ARC of lesioned animals. We conclude that ARC controls body energy balance in unstressed rats, possibly by ␣MSH input to PVN, and that ARC also is necessary for PVN regulation of ACTH. Key words: ␣-melanocyte-stimulating hormone; neuropeptide Y; CRF; ACTH; restraint; hypothalamusCentral regulation of food intake, energy expenditure, and body weight gain is accomplished by activity in several brain sites; however, both genetic stimulation and lesion experiments suggest that the hypothalamus is critical to central integration of energy balance . The medial hypothalamic nuclei have different effects on energy balance; the effects of loss of normal activity in the ventromedial nuclei (VMN) and paraventricular nuclei (PVN) can be distinguished readily from each other (Tokunaga et al., 1986;Parkinson and Weingarten, 1990;. However, normal activity in both the PVN and arcuate nuclei (ARC) is required for maintenance of normal body weight, and the effects of lesions of these cell groups are difficult to distinguish from each other. Disruption of activity in either the ARC or PVN results in obesity characterized by increased food intake during both light and dark periods of the day and decreased weight loss during the light hours. Moreover, rats with lesions of ARC and PVN still respond to increased foodinduced obesity with increased thermogenesis that is mediated by sympathetic neural stimulation of uncoupling protein in brown adipose tissue (Ghorbani et al., 1997;.Endings from cell bodies in the ARC innervate the PVN quite strongly (Sawchenko and Swanson, 1983;Baker and Herkenham, 1995), and at least two peptides deriv...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Disruption of Arcuate/Paraventricular Nucleus Connections Changes Body Energy Balance and Response to Acute Stress

et al. 2000

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“…Hypothalamic deafferentation caused a rapid disappear ance of vasopressin inside the MBH and of ACTH outside the island with signs of regeneration and sprouting ob served already 20 days after the operation [29]. Many of the changes in SLI fibers in the SME and outside the cut were similar to changes in vasopressin-containing fibers [29] while the intra-MBH SLI-containing cells behaved more like the ACTH-containing cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…This is also suggested by no change in SLI-containing struc tures in the ventromedial nucleus after neonatal sodium glutamate-induced lesions [19] or a horizontal section in the arcuate nucleus [19] or parasagittal cuts which resulted in a reduction of SLI only in the SME [17,25]. The stronger staining and the apparent proliferation of SLI-positive structures in the MBH 7 weeks after anterolateral hypothal amic deafferentation is similar to the proliferation of ACTH-containing fibers within the island [29] and may re sult from sprouting of injured axons. Alternatively, the oth erwise intact axons might have responded to the degenera tion and removal of incoming terminals following hypothal amic deafferentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Since the location and appearance of some SLI-positive fibers towards the SME were similar to those contain ing arginine-vasopressin described by Scott and Knigge [29] adjacent sections were stained with an antiserum to vaso pressin; there was a clear difference in the location of vaso pressin and SLI-positive fibers (data not shown).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most if not all of the somatostatin immunoreactivity in the stalk median eminence originates from outside of the medialbasal hypothalamus. Further, we have demonstrated the importance of the careful histological evaluation of each individu al operation if functional studies are to be carried out after hypothalamic deafferentation.Somatostatin (somatotropin release inhibiting factor, SRIF) containing perikarya are widely distributed through out the brain [14,17] but the most prominent and concen trated cell group containing somatostatin-like immunoreac tive material (SLI) lies in the periventricular gray matter of the preoptic area and the anterior hypothalamus [3,4,8,11,14,[19][20][21]26,29,31]. This group of cells is thought to be the origin of the somatostatin-containing terminals near the portal capillaries of the stalk-median eminence (SME) of the rat.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Topography of the Somatostatin-Immunoreactive Fibers to the Stalk-Median Eminence of the Rat

et al. 1983

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The course of the hypothalamo-infundibular somatostatin containing pathway was visualized by immunocytochemistry (the unlabeled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex method) combined with various knife cuts in the hypothalamus. Somatostatin immunoreactive fibers left the perikarya in the anterior hypothalamic-preoptic periventricular cell mass in a lateral direction. After a loop-like path through the lateral hypothalamus, fibers enter the medial basal hypothalamus mainly in the lateral retrochiasmatic area near the ventral surface and project to the ipsilateral half of the median eminence and the pituitary stalk. Somatostatin immunoreactivity almost completely disappeared from the stalk-median eminence 3–7 days following a complete anterolateral transection while transections dorsal or posterior to the lateral retrochiasmatic area failed to influence it. 7 weeks after anterolateral deafferentation an increased density of somatostatin containing terminals and immunopositive perikarya were seen in the arcuate and ventromedial nuclei but these neurones failed to reinnervate the stalk-median eminence.

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Differential response of arcuate proopiomelanocortin- and neuropeptide Y-containing neurons to the lesion produced by gold thioglucose administration

et al. 2006

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The effect of gold thioglucose (GTG) administration on neurons containing feeding-related peptides in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus was examined in mice. Intraperitoneal GTG injection increased the body weight and produced a hypothalamic lesion that extended from the ventral part of the ventromedial nucleus to the dorsal part of the arcuate nucleus. Neurons containing proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) present in the dorsal part of the arcuate nucleus were destroyed by GTG. In addition, the peptide-containing fibers that extended from the remaining arcuate neurons were degenerated at the lesion site. The number of POMC-containing fibers in the paraventricular nucleus, dorsomedial nucleus, and lateral hypothalamus was found to have decreased significantly when examined at 2 days and 2 weeks after the GTG treatment. In contrast, the number of NPY-containing fibers in the lateral hypothalamus remained unchanged after the GTG treatment, probably because of the presence of an unaffected NPY-containing fiber pathway passing through the tuberal region and projecting onto the lateral hypothalamus. The number of NPY-immunoreactive fibers in the paraventricular and dorsomedial nuclei showed a moderate but significant decrease at 2 days after the GTG treatment, but it recovered to the normal levels 2 weeks later. The NPY-containing fibers were found to have regenerated across the lesion site 2 weeks later, and this might contribute to the recovery of the NPY-immunoreactive fibers in these regions. The present results first demonstrate that POMC- and NPY-containing neurons in the arcuate nucleus respond differently to the lesion produced by the GTG treatment.

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Immunocytochemistry of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, vasopressin, and corticotropin following deafferentation of the basal hypothalamus of the male rat brain

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

Disruption of Arcuate/Paraventricular Nucleus Connections Changes Body Energy Balance and Response to Acute Stress

Disruption of Arcuate/Paraventricular Nucleus Connections Changes Body Energy Balance and Response to Acute Stress

Topography of the Somatostatin-Immunoreactive Fibers to the Stalk-Median Eminence of the Rat

Differential response of arcuate proopiomelanocortin- and neuropeptide Y-containing neurons to the lesion produced by gold thioglucose administration

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