Immunodetection of latex antigens

Slater, Jay E.; Trybul, Diane E.

doi:10.1016/0091-6749(94)90372-7

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Among health care workers the prevalence is between 5% and 15%, with less than 1% among the general population [1]. Other latex allergy risk groups include workers in the rubber industry and patients with spina bifida and urogenital abnormalities [2]. A further potential risk group for developing allergic reactions to latex are fruit‐allergic patients [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and molecular characterization of the Hevea brasiliensis allergen Hev b 11, a class I chitinase

O’Riordain

Radauer

Hoffmann‐Sommergruber

et al. 2002

Clin Experimental Allergy

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and molecular characterization of the Hevea brasiliensis allergen Hev b 11, a class I chitinase

O’Riordain

Radauer

Hoffmann‐Sommergruber

et al. 2002

Clin Experimental Allergy

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“…When BALB/c mice were immunized with rHev b 5/MBP, they made a vigorous IgG response to rHev b 5/MBP as well as to nonammoniated latex (50). NAL was separated by SDS-PAGE under dissociating conditions and a Western blot was performed using a monoclonal antibody (17A10) from one such mouse.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, Cloning, and Sequence of a Major Allergen (Hev b 5) from Natural Rubber Latex (Hevea brasiliensis)

Slater

Vedvick

Arthur-Smith

et al. 1996

Journal of Biological Chemistry

128

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Natural rubber latex in medical devices and consumer products has been implicated in over 1100 anaphylactic reactions that resulted in at least 15 deaths between 1988 and 1992 (1, 2). These reactions are caused by proteins that elute from the surfaces of certain latex products, especially gloves, barium enema catheters, balloons, and condoms. The proteins bind to antigen-specific IgE on tissue mast cells and trigger an anaphylactic response. While the production of IgE to latex proteins can occur in any individual, some individuals with uniquely high exposure to latex products appear to be at significantly greater risk for the production of these antibodies than the general population. These include health care workers and children with spina bifida (3-5). Interestingly, there appears to be significant clinical and immunochemical cross-reactivity between some latex proteins and allergens in certain fruits and vegetables, such as banana, kiwi, avocado, and potato, and patients with fruit and vegetable allergy may be at increased risk for reacting to latex proteins (6 -10).Latex allergy can be a devastating disease, with serious and occasionally fatal outcomes. The only treatment is avoidance (11,12), and health care workers with severe latex allergy may be required to change careers or leave health care entirely to avoid potentially dangerous exposure. Since anaphylactic episodes have occurred following skin testing with crude latex extracts (13-16), immunotherapy is not possible with currently available crude preparations. The identification and isolation of pure antigens, and the analysis of the B-and T-cell epitopes of these antigens, will facilitate the design and testing of safer regimens of immunotherapy.The proteins in natural rubber latex are derived from the commercial rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis. Latex is produced in laticifers, which are specialized structures that consist of anastamosed latex-producing cells. Harvested Hevea latex is a complete cytosol with a high protein content (17, 18). Hevea latex is typically ammoniated when tapped to prevent premature coagulation and bacterial growth. Ammoniated latex is the source material for most of the products that elicit allergic reactions; thus, it clearly contains immunogenic material. However, immunochemical studies with ammoniated latex have failed to reveal the wealth of IgE-binding proteins found in non-ammoniated latex (NAL) 1 (19), which is collected into a liquid nitrogen-cooled container.From the first observations that products made from Hevea latex can elicit catastrophic allergic reactions in susceptible individuals, the component allergens have eluded conclusive identification. In part, this has been due to the complexity and instability of the proteins of Hevea latex. In addition, many investigators have been unable to obtain quantities of fresh material for examination and have been limited to the use of finished products or ammoniated latex (19) for their studies. In spite of these difficulties, several potential allergens have been i...

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“…How far the protein concentration in ati extract of a latex product reflects the real allergen eoiitetit of the product is still under debate (14,15). The proteins found in such an extract could be derived from the latex sap itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of latex‐allergen content in Swedish medical catheter balloons – a survey of 3 years' production

Lundberg

Wrangsjö

Eriksson-Widblom³

et al. 1997

Allergy

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Anaphylactic reactions after intravascular exposure to natural rubber latex (NRL) have been reported. Thus, there is an urgent need to produce medical devices with the lowest possible latex-allergen content. The latex-allergen concentration in extracts prepared from 92 lots of medical catheter (MC) balloons, manufactured by Nolato Polymer AB, Torekov, Sweden, from April 1993 to March 1996, was measured with an EAI (IgE antibody inhibition) assay. Inhibitory capacity was expressed in arbitrary units/ml (U/ml) in relation to reference NRL sap, given an arbitrary value of 1000 U. Extracts from randomly selected lots were measured for protein by the modified Lowry method. Water leaching, chlorination, and treatment with savinase were used experimentally to study reduction of the latex-allergen content. The latex-allergen content in extract from the regular MC balloons varied from 0.1 to 2.9 U/ml. All the methods used to reduce the allergen content were effective, and increased leaching stabilized the allergen content at a low level. The protein concentration of the extracts varied between 9 and 100 mg/l. No correlation was found between protein and allergen content. As a result of this study, the manufacturer has extended the stage of water leaching in the production process. This study shows that cooperation between immunologists and manufacturers may result in product development and improvement.

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Immunodetection of latex antigens

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Cloning and molecular characterization of the Hevea brasiliensis allergen Hev b 11, a class I chitinase

Cloning and molecular characterization of the Hevea brasiliensis allergen Hev b 11, a class I chitinase

Identification, Cloning, and Sequence of a Major Allergen (Hev b 5) from Natural Rubber Latex (Hevea brasiliensis)

Reduction of latex‐allergen content in Swedish medical catheter balloons – a survey of 3 years' production

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