Immunodiagnosis of dracunculiasis by dot-ELISA

Prakash, D Bhanu; Parab, Pradeep B.; Sharma, Renu

doi:10.1080/00034983.1993.11812754

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…41 Other groups have used soluble antigen fractions extracted from adult female worms or first-stage larvae to develop ELISA, dot ELISA, and Falcon assay screening test ELISA methods that are easier to use and more amenable to large-scale surveys. 19,20,23,24,42 The ELISA results confirmed that antibody responses increase in the prepatent period and decline following resolution of the infection. 19,[21][22][23] Although ELISA specificity was often improved by focusing on the IgG 4 antibody response, cross-reactivity with sera from onchocerciasis patients was consistently observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Development of a Multiplex Bead Assay for the Detection of IgG Antibody Responses to Guinea Worm

Priest

Stuchlik

Reed

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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The success of the Guinea Worm (GW) Eradication Program over the past three decades has been tempered by the persistence of GW disease in a few African nations and the potential for a future resurgence in cases. Domestic dogs are now a major concern as a disease reservoir as large numbers of cases of canine GW disease are now reported each year, mainly along the Chari River in Chad. As a first step toward the development of a serologic assay for dogs, archived human plasma samples from dracunculiasis-positive donors from Togo were used to select adult female GW antigens for peptide sequencing and cloning. Eight protein sequences of interest were expressed as recombinant glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins, and the most promising proteins were coupled to carboxylated microspheres for use in multiplex assays. A thioredoxin-like protein (TRXL1) and a domain of unknown function (DUF148) were assessed for total IgG and IgG 4 reactivities using a panel of specimens from GW cases, uninfected donors, and individuals infected with various nematode worms, including Onchocerca volvulus. Both the DUF148-GST and the TRXL1-GST assays cross-reacted with O. volvulus sera, but the latter assay was always the more specific. The IgG 4 and total IgG TRXL1-GST assays both had sensitivities > 87% and specificities > 90%. Maximum specificity (> 96%) was obtained with the total IgG assay when reactivity to both antigens was used to define a positive case. Given the good performance of the human assay, we are now working to modify the assay for dog assessments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Development of a Multiplex Bead Assay for the Detection of IgG Antibody Responses to Guinea Worm

Priest

Stuchlik

Reed

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…5 Sera from endemic normal individuals (claiming to have never had a patent D. medinensis infection despite living in a highly endemic area) responded only weakly with specific IgG1 and IgG4 compared with individuals with patent or postpatent infections. 5,6 This study elaborates on previous studies by analyzing levels of specific IgG1, IgG4, and IgE, as well as the concentration of total IgE in sera from individuals whose parasitologic status in relation to the prepatent, patent, and postpatent stages of infection were carefully determined. The postpatent category was further divided into four subcategories differing with respect to the time elapsed since the previous period of patency.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…[4][5][6][7] However, little is known about the relationship between the humoral responses and infection status (i.e., prepatent, patent, postpatent and those claiming to have never had a patent infection). Briefly, previous studies indicated that individuals in a prepatent and patent stage of infection responded similarly with total specific immunoglobulins, 4 and individuals in a patent and postpatent stage responded similarly with total specific immunoglobulins and specific IgG1, IgG4, and IgE.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoepidemiology of Dracunculus medinensis infections I. Antibody responses in relation to infection status.

Bloch

Simonsen²

1998

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The specific serum IgG1, IgG4, and IgE responses to Dracunculus medinensis and the level of total IgE of individuals living in a highly endemic area of northern Ghana were measured by ELISA. Sera were obtained in the high transmission season from individuals with prepatent, patent, or postpatent infection as well as from individuals from the same endemic area who claimed to have never had a patent infection (i.e., endemic normal individuals). Individuals with prepatent or postpatent infections responded with a significantly lower mean level of specific IgG1 and IgG4 compared with individuals with a patent infection, and with a significantly higher mean level of specific IgG1 and IgG4 compared with endemic normal individuals. For specific IgE, no differences were found in the mean antibody level between the infection status categories. Individuals with a patent infection had a significantly lower mean serum level of total IgE compared with prepatent, postpatent, and endemic normal individuals. Endemic normal individuals had the highest mean level of total IgE. Furthermore, in all clinical categories, high responders for specific IgG1 and IgG4 generally had low levels of total IgE, whereas low responders for specific IgG1 and IgG4 generally had high levels of total IgE. A similar dichotomy, although less distinct, was observed between specific IgG1 and IgG4 on the one hand and specific IgE on the other. Thus, similar to what has been suggested for schistosomiasis and lymphatic filariasis, the relationship between the IgG subclasses and IgE appears to play a role in, or at least to reflect, a mechanism for protective immunity in dracunculiasis.Human infections with Dracunculus medinensis (guinea worm) occur in parts of West and Central Africa and in Yemen and India. 1 The 10-12-month prepatent period is asymptomatic except for the last 1-2 weeks during which the adult female worm reaches subcutis and prepares for penetration of the body surface. At this late stage, the worm becomes palpable in the skin and a blister develops around its anterior end, thus making the patient aware of the infection. 2,3 Currently, no reliable method exists for diagnosis of dracunculiasis in the asymptomatic part of the prepatent period.Dracunculus medinensis induce vigorous humoral immune responses in infected individuals. 4-7 However, little is known about the relationship between the humoral responses and infection status (i.e., prepatent, patent, postpatent and those claiming to have never had a patent infection). Briefly, previous studies indicated that individuals in a prepatent and patent stage of infection responded similarly with total specific immunoglobulins, 4 and individuals in a patent and postpatent stage responded similarly with total specific immunoglobulins and specific IgG1, IgG4, and IgE. 5 Sera from endemic normal individuals (claiming to have never had a patent D. medinensis infection despite living in a highly endemic area) responded only weakly with specific IgG1 and IgG4 compared with individuals with...

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Studies on immunodiagnosis of dracunculiasis. I. Detection of specific serum antibodies

Bloch¹,

Simonsen²

1998

Acta Tropica

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Immunodiagnosis of dracunculiasis by dot-ELISA

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Development of a Multiplex Bead Assay for the Detection of IgG Antibody Responses to Guinea Worm

Development of a Multiplex Bead Assay for the Detection of IgG Antibody Responses to Guinea Worm

Immunoepidemiology of Dracunculus medinensis infections I. Antibody responses in relation to infection status.

Studies on immunodiagnosis of dracunculiasis. I. Detection of specific serum antibodies

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