Immunogenicity of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in HIV-infected pregnant women and kinetics of passively acquired antibodies in young infants

Almeida, Volia de Carvalho; Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa Márcia; Souza, Cleonice Barbosa Sandoval de; Kubo, Christina Arslanian; Martinez, Edson Zangiacomi; Carneiro‐Sampaio, Magda; Duarte, Geraldo

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.04.018

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The only study to estimate the time for the polysaccharide-specific antibody concentration to fall below the 0.35µg/mL correlate of protection was conducted in an HIV positive maternal population. This study reported geometric mean concentrations (GMC) above the threshold for a period of 0.6 months from birth for serotype 3 as compared to 2.0 and 2.7 months for serotype 5 and serotype 6B respectively [49].…”

Section: Maternal Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Maternal and neonatal pneumococcal vaccination - where are we now?

Clarke

Kampmann

2016

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Pneumococcus is a significant pathogen in neonates and in early infancy, particularly as a cause of invasive disease in sub-Saharan Africa where nasopharyngeal carriage rates are also exceptionally high. The pneumococcal-conjugate vaccines have now been rolled out in many high income settings and an increasing number of low and middle income countries. They have been highly effective at preventing vaccine serotype disease in infants. However, a window of susceptibility remains prior to the first vaccination at around six weeks of age. This paper summarizes the data available on both maternal and neonatal vaccination to prevent disease in newborns and early infancy and considers the key challenges and next steps for research in the field

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Section: Maternal Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Maternal and neonatal pneumococcal vaccination - where are we now?

Clarke

Kampmann

2016

Expert Review of Vaccines

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“…In these studies, most pregnant women had not received pneumococcal vaccines, i.e., measured antibodies were induced by natural exposure to S. pneumoniae . However, while the transfer of naturally occurring (i.e., infection-induced) PCP IgG was reduced by about 20% in HIV-infected mothers (28, 35), antibody transfer ratios following immunization of pregnant women in Brazil with a pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine was also reduced to only 46–72% as compared with unexposed newborns (36). Thus, infection-induced as well as vaccine-induced anti-PCP IgG transfer to her newborn is reduced in HIV-infected women.…”

Section: Impact Of Maternal Hiv Infection On the Transplacental Transmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of Maternal Antimicrobial Immunity to HIV-Exposed Uninfected Newborns

et al. 2016

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The transfer of maternal immune factors to the newborn is critical for protection from infectious disease in early life. Maternally acquired passive immunity provides protection until the infant is beyond early life’s increased susceptibility to severe infections or until active immunity is achieved following infant’s primary immunization. However, as reviewed here, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection alters the transfer of immune factors from HIV-infected mothers to the HIV-exposed newborns and young infants. This may relate to the immune activation in HIV-infected pregnant women, associated with the production of inflammatory cytokines at the maternofetal interface associated with inflammatory responses in the newborn. We also summarize mother-targeting interventions to improve the health of infants born to HIV-infected women, such as immunization during pregnancy and reduction of maternal inflammation. Maternal immunization offers the potential to compensate for the decreased transplacentally transferred maternal antibodies observed in HIV-exposed infants. Current data suggest reduced immunogenicity of vaccines in HIV-infected pregnant women, possibly reducing the protective impact of maternal immunization for HIV-exposed infants. Fortunately, levels of antibodies appear preserved in the breast milk of HIV-infected women, which supports the recommendation to breast-feed during antiretroviral treatment to protect HIV-exposed infants.

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“…Moreover, PPV23 is safe and recommended for pregnant mothers. Newborns may receive 46–72% of maternal Ab titers from PPV23-vaccinated mothers, suggesting prolonged passive protection induced by maternal PPV23 vaccination [140, 141]. More effective vaccination strategies to elicit robust and sustained Ab responses against pneumococcal infection are needed for HIV-infected infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral immune responses to Streptococcus pneumoniae in the setting of HIV-1 infection

Zhang

Wan

et al. 2015

Vaccine

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Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus) remains one of the most commonly identified causes of bacterial infection in the general population, and the risk is 30-100 fold higher in HIV-infected individuals. Both innate and adaptive host immune responses to pneumococcal infection are important against pathogen invasion. Pneumococcal-specific IgA antibody (Ab) is key to control infection at the mucosal sites. Ab responses against pneumococcal infection by B cells can be generated through T cell-dependent or T cell-independent pathways. Depletion of CD4+ T cells is a hallmark of immunodeficiency in HIV infection and this defect also contributes to B cell dysfunction, which predisposes to infections such as the pneumococcus. Two pneumococcal vaccines have been demonstrated to have potential benefits for HIV-infected patients. One is a T cell dependent 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13); the other is a T cell independent 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23). However, many questions remain unknown regarding these two vaccines in the clinical setting in HIV disease. Here we review the latest research regarding B cell immune responses against pneumococcal antigens, whether derived from potentially invading pathogens or vaccinations, in the setting of HIV-1 infection.

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Immunogenicity of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in HIV-infected pregnant women and kinetics of passively acquired antibodies in young infants

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

Maternal and neonatal pneumococcal vaccination - where are we now?

Maternal and neonatal pneumococcal vaccination - where are we now?

Transfer of Maternal Antimicrobial Immunity to HIV-Exposed Uninfected Newborns

Humoral immune responses to Streptococcus pneumoniae in the setting of HIV-1 infection

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