Immunogenicity of a Japanese encephalitis DNA vaccine candidate in cynomolgus monkeys

Preclinical and clinical progress of particle-mediated DNA vaccines for infectious diseases

“…Recent studies have shown that the delivery device employed can inXuence the immunogenicity of PMED in nonhuman primates. The Bio-Rad Helios device has been used in nonhuman primates and shown to require 45-60 g of DNA administered over 45+ sites to induce a signiWcant response in 100% of the immunized animals [41,42]. This result may be due to diVerences in the delivery footprint of the two devices.…”

“…PMED studies in nonhuman primates have been conducted with DNA vaccines for the Xaviviruses tick-borne encephalitis virus, (TBEV) Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and Dengue virus (DENV) [40,42,60] (Table 3). Protective immunity to Xavivirus infections generally correlates with a neutralizing antibody response to the envelope glycoprotein (E).…”

“…A JEV DNE vaccine expressing the viral preM/E genes was evaluated in two cynomolgus macaques by PMED [42]. Monkeys were vaccinated three times at intervals of 4-6 weeks with 3 g of DNA.…”

Current use and development of vaccines for Japanese encephalitis

“…Purified recombinant E protein [85,86] and E protein domain III [87][88][89] antigens, subviral particles [90][91][92][93] or plasmids encoding these products [94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101] continue to be developed and evaluated. These are generally able to stimulate protective immunity in mice but few have progressed to more detailed evaluation in other animal models.…”

DNA vaccines: Successes and limitations in cancer and infectious disease

“…Plasmid DNA employing JE viral proteins in murine models have been shown to confer protection to JE due to neutralizing antibody [Konishi et al, 1998;Chang et al, 2000;Pan et al, 2001] and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) [Konishi et al, 1998]. Interestingly, data reported from both murine [Chang et al, 2000] and non-human primate systems [Tanabayashi et al, 2003] indicated that the level of protection from JE challenge using a DNA construct was as effective as those animals immunized with the commercially available JE-VAX preparation. Additional work within this area is ongoing in order to enhance the level of immune response and protection to JE challenge through varying immunization regimes involving plasmid DNA [Chen et al, 2005;Imoto and Konishi, 2005].…”