Immunoglobulin A nephropathy in paediatrics: An up‐to‐date

Paranhos, Rafaela Moreira; Figueiredo, Gabriel Augusto De Souza; Abreu, Gabriel; Ferreira, Guilherme Costa; Fonseca, Giulio Gori; Silva, Ana Cristina Simões e

doi:10.1111/nep.13987

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(304 reference statements)

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“…IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of glomerulonephritis [61]. The onset of the disease in most pediatric patients is asymptomatic, and the first manifestation is usually isolated hematuria of varying severity.…”

Section: Clinical Characteristics Of Selected Urinary Tract Diseases ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics of urinary small extracellular vesicles in early diagnosis of kidney diseases in children‐expectations and limitations

Korecka,

Gawin,

Pastuszka

et al. 2024

Proteomics

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The primary function of the kidneys is to maintain systemic homeostasis (disruption of renal structure and function results in multilevel impairment of body function). Kidney diseases are characterized by a chronic, progressive course and may result in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Evaluation of the composition of the proteome of urinary small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) as a so‐called liquid biopsy is a promising new research direction. Knowing the composition of sEV could allow localization of cellular changes in specific sections of the nephron or the interstitial tissue before fixed changes, detectable only at an advanced stage of the disease, occur. Research is currently underway on the role of sEVs in the diagnosis and monitoring of many disease entities. Reports in the literature on the subject include: diabetic nephropathy, focal glomerulosclerosis in the course of glomerulopathies, renal fibrosis of various etiologies. Studies on pediatric patients are still few, involving piloting if small groups of patients without validation studies. Here, we review the literature addressing the use of sEV for diagnosis of the most common urinary disorders in children. We evaluate the clinical utility and define limitations of markers present in sEV as potential liquid biopsy.

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Section: Clinical Characteristics Of Selected Urinary Tract Diseases ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics of urinary small extracellular vesicles in early diagnosis of kidney diseases in children‐expectations and limitations

Korecka,

Gawin,

Pastuszka

et al. 2024

Proteomics

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“…In IgAN patients, the expression of FcαRI in monocytes is restricted to almost only the full-length FcαRI, a transmembrane arrangement. Therefore, the extracellular domain of this receptor can suffer proteolytic cleavage, leading to the formation of the GdIgA1-FcαRI immune complex ( 28 ). In IgAN patients, the expression of FcαRI in monocytes is restricted to almost only the full-length FcαRI, a transmembrane arrangement.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Iga Nephropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current knowledge of targeted-release budesonide in immunoglobulin A nephropathy: A comprehensive review

Liao

Zhou

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is a common autoimmune kidney disease. Accumulating studies showed that IgA nephropathy may be partially correlated with mucosal immune system dysfunction. Systemic corticosteroid treatment exerts an essential protective effect against renal deterioration in IgA nephropathy. However, long-term use of corticosteroids may cause systemic side effects. The novel targeted-release formulation (TRF) of budesonide has been shown to deliver the drug to the distal ileum with the aim of minimizing adverse events for patients with IgA nephropathy. In this review, we have summarized all the current evidence of the effects of TRF-budesonide protecting against IgA nephropathy. Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs), one cohort, two case reports, and an ongoing Phase 3 trial (Part B, NCT03643965), were under comprehensive review. These included studies demonstrated that TRF-budesonide could remarkably reduce proteinuria, hematuria, and creatinine, as well as preserve renal function. The local immunosuppressive effects exhibited by TRF-budesonide may represent a novel and promising approach to treating IgA nephropathy. However, the current evidence was only derived from limited trials. Therefore, more well-designed RCTs are still warranted to validate the curable profile of TRF-budesonide in treating IgA nephropathy.

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“…Other diseases may also trigger FSGS in pediatric patients, including IgA nephropathy [36], hereditary nephritis (Alport's syndrome) [37], and lupus nephritis [38]. These diseases reveal different histological features, which can be traced using immunofluorescence: mesangial hypercellularity and mesangial IgA in IgA nephropathy, basement membrane abnormalities in Alport syndrome, and concurrent positive staining for IgA, IgM, IgG, C3, and C1q (full-house pattern) in lupus nephritis.…”

Section: Secondary Focal Segmental Glomerular Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The View of Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome as a Podocytopathy

Vaz de Castro,

Fujihara Ide,

Crespo Torres

et al. 2023

Kidney and Dialysis

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Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a complex clinical entity characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. In this review, we propose the view of NS as a podocytopathy, highlighting the importance of understanding the role of podocytes in the development of this condition. We discuss the various etiologies of NS, ranging from congenital to primary renal diseases, as well as secondary forms due to systemic diseases. We also delve into the mechanisms underlying podocyte injury, which plays a crucial role in the development of NS. By viewing NS as a podocytopathy, we suggest potential implications for the diagnosis and treatment of this condition, including the use of podocyte-specific biomarkers and targeted therapies. Our review provides a comprehensive overview of NS and its underlying mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and management of this condition. Further research is essential to better understand the complex interplay between podocyte injury and the development of NS, with the ultimate goal of improving patient outcomes.

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Immunoglobulin A nephropathy in paediatrics: An up‐to‐date

Cited by 7 publications

References 70 publications

Proteomics of urinary small extracellular vesicles in early diagnosis of kidney diseases in children‐expectations and limitations

Proteomics of urinary small extracellular vesicles in early diagnosis of kidney diseases in children‐expectations and limitations

Current knowledge of targeted-release budesonide in immunoglobulin A nephropathy: A comprehensive review

The View of Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome as a Podocytopathy

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