Immunoglobulin G (IgG)-Based Imaging Probe Accumulates in M1 Macrophage-Infiltrated Atherosclerotic Plaques Independent of IgG Target Molecule Expression

Development of a hydroxamamide-based bifunctional chelating agent to prepare technetium-99m-labeled bivalent ligand probes

“…antibody and its fragment). For radiolabeling 99m Tc with those thermally instable compounds, some chelates such as hydrazinonicotinamide (HYNIC) have been used 27 , 28 . Given that these chelates form 99m Tc-complexes with a metal-to-ligand ratio of 1:1, Ham has an advantage in terms of developing 99m Tc-labeled compounds with a bivalent targeting scaffold, so that Ham-Mal would be a promising bifunctional chelate for developing those 99m Tc-labeled compounds.…”

Thrombospondin-4 deletion does not exacerbate muscular dystrophy in β-sarcoglycan-deficient and laminin α2 chain-deficient mice

“…This was confirmed by analysis of necrosis and inflammation. Sgcb and double knockout muscles (quadriceps and tibialis anterior) displayed large areas occupied with necrotic and inflammatory cells, as demonstrated by staining against mouse IgG 50 – 52 (Fig. 4 a).…”

Magnetic resonance imaging of stem cell–macrophage interactions with ferumoxytol and ferumoxytol‐derived nanoparticles

“…We cannot discriminate between M1 and M2 macrophages using ferumoxytol MRI. Alternatively, several investigators are developing nano‐probes that specifically target M1 macrophages (Shimizu et al, ) or M2 macrophages (C. Zhang et al, ). In addition, the nanoparticles themselves might change macrophage phenotype polarizations: we showed that high doses of ferumoxytol could activate macrophages and thereby cause intrinsic pro‐inflammatory effects (Zanganeh et al, ).…”