Immunoglobulin Isotype-Specific Antibody Responses to Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Patients with Recurrent Bacterial Respiratory Tract Infections

Sanders, Lieke A.M.; Rijkers, Ger T.; Tenbergen-Meekes, Anne-Marie; Voorhorst-Ogink, Marleen M.; Zegers, B. J. M.

doi:10.1203/00006450-199506000-00023

Cited by 66 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Serum was separated and stored at Ϫ20°C until analysis. Postvaccination IgG antibody levels to all PCV7 serotypes (4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as described previously (39). Minimal detection levels for these pneumococcal serotypes were 0.03, 0.09, 0.12, 0.61, 0.05, 0.11, and 0.08 g/ml, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of CD14 Promoter Polymorphism with Otitis Media and Pneumococcal Vaccine Responses

Wiertsema

Khoo

Baynam

et al. 2006

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Innate immunity is of particular importance for protection against infection during early life, when adaptive immune responses are immature. CD14 plays key roles in innate immunity, including in defense against pathogens associated with otitis media, a major pediatric health care issue. The T allele of the CD14 C-159T polymorphism has been associated with increased serum CD14 levels. Our objective was to investigate the hypothesis that the CD14 C-159T allele is protective against recurrent acute otitis media in children. The association between the CD14 promoter genotype and the number of acute otitis media episodes was evaluated both retrospectively and prospectively in a cohort of 300 children. Serotype-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses after pneumococcal vaccinations were examined according to CD14 genotype to compare immune responsiveness across genotypes. An age-dependent association was found: compared with that for CC homozygotes aged between 12 to 24 months, TT homozygotes had fewer episodes of acute otitis media (79 versus 41%, respectively; P ‫؍‬ 0.004); this relationship was absent in older children. Additionally, TT homozygotes showed higher serotype-specific anti-pneumococcal IgG antibody levels. Our data suggest that genetic variation in CD14, a molecule at the interface of innate and adaptive immune responses, plays a key role in the defense against middle ear disease in childhood and in pneumococcal vaccine responsiveness. These findings are likely to be important to these and other immune-mediated outcomes in early life.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of CD14 Promoter Polymorphism with Otitis Media and Pneumococcal Vaccine Responses

Wiertsema

Khoo

Baynam

et al. 2006

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…In contrast to IgG2, in the same report the IgG1 anti-pneumococcal antibody levels in the otitis-prone group of children were even higher than those in adults (17). Also after vaccination with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine low to absent IgG2 anti-pneumococcal antibody responses were observed in otitis-prone children (10). Some in vitro data showed effective phagocytosis of pneumococci to be primarily related to IgG2 anti-pneumococcal antibodies (18 -20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoglobulins in Otitis-Prone Children

et al. 2004

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Defective or immature antibody responses to pathogens in children may explain the increased susceptibility to acute otitis media (AOM) in otitis-prone children. In literature, data on immunology have been based on studies of small groups of severely otitis-prone children and have not been consistent. Humoral immune status was assessed in 365 children, 1-7 years old, with two or more documented episodes of AOM in the previous year. Children with 4 or more episodes in the preceding year were defined as otitis-prone. Serum immunoglobulin levels were determined by radial immunodiffusion. Immunoglobulin levels of otitis-prone children were compared with those of children who had experienced 2-3 AOM episodes per year. Children with recurrent episodes of AOM were found to have normal or increased serum IgA, IgM, IgG, and IgG1 levels compared with normal values for age, whereas the serum IgG2 levels were mostly in the lower normal range. Twenty-two percent of all children showed IgG2 levels lower than 2 SD below the age-specific mean. Interestingly, the otitis-prone group of children showed significantly lower median and mean levels for all immunoglobulins compared with those children with only 2-3 previous AOM episodes. Lower immunoglobulin levels in otitis-prone children suggest a generalized decreased antibody response in otitis-prone children. Based on the clinical observation that some children experience recurrent episodes of acute otitis media (AOM), the term "otitis-prone" was introduced by Howie (1). In general, the otitis-prone condition is defined as three or more episodes of AOM in 6 mo or four or more episodes in 12 mo; up to 5% of all children comply with this definition (2, 3).With respect to immunoglobulin serum levels, both normal as well as stimulated serum IgA, IgM, IgG, and IgG1 levels have been reported in otitis-prone children aged 2 mo or older (4, 5). Freijd et al. and Sørensen et al. reported lower levels of IgG2 in children with recurrent AOM compared with agematched controls (5, 6), but others did not confirm these observations (4, 7).With respect to antibody activity against the two main bacterial pathogens in AOM Streptococcus pneumoniae and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI), subnormal or absent antibody responses have been reported in otitis-prone children (8 -11), as well as decreased antibody responses upon immunization with Hib conjugate and rubella vaccine (12, 13).These findings may suggest decreased antibody responses upon both T cell-dependent as well as T cell independent antigens in otitis-prone children (14). Hitherto, immunologic evaluations have been performed only in small groups of otitis-prone children. The need to obtain more substantial data led us to analyze immunoglobulins in a large group of 365 children with varying susceptibility to acute otitis media. METHODSThis study was conducted in a general hospital (Spaarne Hospital Haarlem) and a tertiary care hospital (University Medical Center Utrecht), the Netherlands. The Medical Ethics Committees of both participa...

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“…Based on criteria previously used [25], the minimum post-vaccination titre required to qualify as a responder would be 35, 21 and 18 U/ml, respectively. For the sake of uniformity and in line with previous publications from our group [21,22], we have used a threshold value of 20 U/ml for every serotype.…”

Section: Anti-capsular Polysaccharide Antibody Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total antibodies to capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 3, 4 and 9 in pre-and post-immunization serum samples were measured by ELISA [21,22]. In addition, antibodies of the IgA, IgG1 and IgG2 isotype/subclass to capsular polysaccharides of S. pneumoniae serotypes 3, 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 19F and 23F were measured in post-immunization samples only [21].…”

Section: Anti-capsular Polysaccharide Antibody Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and immunological evaluation of patients with mild IgG1 deficiency

Kessel

Horikx

Houte

et al. 1999

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYSerum IgG subclass concentrations were determined in patients visiting, the pulmonology out-patient clinic with chronic respiratory tract problems. A total of 24 patients with a serum IgG1 concentration < 4·9 g/l (i.e. below the reference range) and normal values for IgG2, IgM and IgA were included. Patients with a selective IgG1 deficiency were vaccinated with a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. There were nine patients with a poor antibody response to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antigens. Responsiveness to protein antigens was intact in all patients. Patients with pneumonia showed a significantly lower anti-polysaccharide response in the IgG2 subclass than patients without pneumonia. Patients with recurrent sinusitis showed a significantly lower response in the IgA isotype after vaccination with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine compared with non-sinusitis patients. It can be concluded that patients with recurrent sinopulmonary infections and a mild IgG1 subclass deficiency have an impaired IgG1 anti-polysaccharide response, which can extend to decreased IgG2 and IgA anti-polysaccharide responses.

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Immunoglobulin Isotype-Specific Antibody Responses to Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Patients with Recurrent Bacterial Respiratory Tract Infections

Cited by 66 publications

References 29 publications

Association of CD14 Promoter Polymorphism with Otitis Media and Pneumococcal Vaccine Responses

Association of CD14 Promoter Polymorphism with Otitis Media and Pneumococcal Vaccine Responses

Immunoglobulins in Otitis-Prone Children

Clinical and immunological evaluation of patients with mild IgG1 deficiency

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