Immunohistochemical analysis of the ontogeny of peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI)-immunoreactive neurons in the pre- and postnatal rat brain

Hares, K; Foster, Gregory D.

doi:10.1016/0165-3806(88)90012-0

Cited by 10 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…If this is the case, then it could be speculated that VIP shows an endogenous rhythm in younger animals. VIP mRNA first appeared at E18 in the SCN and increased progressively thereafter, which was consistent with the previous developmental studies using in situ hybridization and peptide immunocytochemistry (Ishikawa and Frohman, 1987;Hares and Foster, 1988;Laemle, 1988). However, the levels at E18 to P5 were less than one-tenth of the adult rat mRNA levels.…”

Section: Rhythm Of Vip Expression In the Scnsupporting

confidence: 79%

Development of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide mRNA Rhythm in the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

1997

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Development of the daily rhythm of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) mRNA in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a main locus of circadian oscillation, was investigated by in situ hybridization. The phenotypic expression of VIP neurons occurred in two developmental stages in the ventrolateral portion of the SCN (VLSCN): the first was found before birth in the rostral part, and the second occurred in the main part between postnatal day (P) 10 and P20. The latter period coincided with the time that the massive VIP-efferent fibers project to the subparaventricular zone. In the adult and P20, the VIP mRNA signals of the SCN showed a clear diurnal rhythm with a trough in the light phase and a peak in the dark phase under light/dark (LD) conditions, but under constant dark (DD) conditions, no VIP mRNA fluctuations were observed. At P10, however, it was found that SCN VIP mRNA showed a peak at the transition from night to day and a trough at early dark period in LD conditions, in sharp contrast to the night peak in the adult rhythm. In DD conditions, a light-phase peak and a dark-phase trough were also observed at P10, contrasting the arrhythmic feature at adult stage. The present findings suggest that daily VIP rhythm was first generated in the early developed clock-controlled rostral SCN neurons, and later regulated by light-dependent main VLSCN neurons.

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Section: Rhythm Of Vip Expression In the Scnsupporting

confidence: 79%

Development of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide mRNA Rhythm in the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

1997

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Early postnatal development of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide‐ and peptide histidine isoleucine‐immunoreactive structures in the cat visual cortex

Wahle

Meyer

1989

J of Comparative Neurology

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The early postnatal development of neurons containing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) has been analyzed in visual areas 17 and 18 of cats aged from postnatal day (P) 0 to adulthood. Neuronal types are established mainly by axonal criteria. Both peptides occur in the same neuronal types and display the same postnatal chronology of appearance. Several cell types are transient, which means that they are present in the cortex only for a limited period of development. According to their chronology of appearance the VIPFHI-immunoreactive (ir) cell types are grouped into three neuronal populations.The first population comprises six cell types which appear early in postnatal life. The pseudohorsetail cells of layer I possess a vertically descending axon which initially gives rise to recurrent collaterals, then forms a bundle passing layers 111 to V, and finally, horizontal terminal fibers in layer VI. The neurons differentiate at P 4 and disappear by degeneration around P 30. The neurons with columnar dendritic fields of layers IV/V are characterized by a vertical arrangement of long dendrites ascending or descending parallel to each other, thus forming an up to 600 wm long dendritic column. Their axons always descend and terminate in broad fields in layer VI. The neurons appear at P 7 and are present until P 20. The multipolar neurons of layer VI occur in isolated positions and have broad axonal territories. The neurons differentiate at P 7 and persist into adulthood. Bitufted to multipolar neurons of layers II/III have axons descending as a single fiber to layer VI, where they terminate. The neurons appear at P 12 and persist into adulthood. The four cell types described above issue a vertically oriented fiber architecture in layers 11-V and a horizontal terminal plexus in layer VI which is dense during the second, third and fourth week. Concurrent with the disappearance of the two transient types the number of descending axonal bundles and the density of the layer VI plexus is reduced, but the latter is maintained during adulthood by the two persisting cell types.Two further cell types belong to the first population: The transient bipolar cells of layers IV, V, and VI have long dendrites which extend through the entire cortical width. Their axons always descend, leave the gray matter, and apparently terminate in the upper white matter. The neurons differentiate concurrently with the pseudohorsetail cells at P 4, are very frequent during the following weeks, and eventually disappear at P 30. The persisting bipolar cells

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Analysis of the ontogeny of galanin in the rat central nervous system by immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay

Sizer

Rökaeus

Foster

1990

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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The development of galanin-like immunoreactivity in the rat central nervous system has been investigated immunologically. Galanin-positive processes in the central nervous system were first recognized at day 1 post-natal, in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. At day 2, the first galanin-immunoreactive neuronal somata were visualized in several regions of the diencephalon; at later stages of maturation positive cells were also detected in many brain stem areas. The number, density and staining intensity of galanin-positive structures in these and other regions increased steadily until day 28, by which age the adult disposition was attained. Increases in the concentrations of galanin-like immunoreactivity during maturation of the animals closely paralleled the immunohistochemical findings. No reduction in galanin-like immunoreactivity was noted in any area during later post-natal ages. The present study indicates that the ontogeny of galanin-like immunoreactivity in the rat central nervous system occurs entirely post-natally. The developmental profile is consistent with the role of galanin as a putative neurotransmitter/neuromodulator in the rat brain and spinal cord.

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Immunohistochemical analysis of the ontogeny of peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI)-immunoreactive neurons in the pre- and postnatal rat brain

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Development of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide mRNA Rhythm in the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Development of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide mRNA Rhythm in the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Early postnatal development of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide‐ and peptide histidine isoleucine‐immunoreactive structures in the cat visual cortex

Analysis of the ontogeny of galanin in the rat central nervous system by immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay

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