Immunohistochemical and Histopathological Evaluation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid-Induced Changes in Rat Kidney Cortex

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on rat kidney cortex histology. Oral exposure of rats to 2,4-D for 28 days resulted in decreases in body weight gain and kidney weight. Histological examination showed degeneration in renal corpuscles and podocytes; vacuolization in the glomerulus with disintegration of the basal membrane; tissue edema; vacuolization, cystic dilation and invagination of the basal laminae in the tubular structures; dilation and congestion in renal corpuscular vessels and marked decrease in glomerular and stromal fibronectin reaction; suggesting that subacute 2,4-D administration induces dose-dependent histopathological degenerative effects in rat kidney cortex.

Ameliorative Effects of Melatonin Against 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Toxicity in Kidney of Mice – A Histological Study.

“…Our findings are in accordance with other earlier reports which have attributed the reduction in body and kidney weights due to reluctant food intake [8][9][10]. It is possible that 2,4-D may have suppressed the hunger centers of a central nervous system, resulting in decreased food intake.…”

“…Our findings with regard to histopathology of 2,4-D-treated mice show an agreement with the results of Tayeb et al [8] who reported histopathological damage and change in terms of severe glomerular atrophy, glomerular space, and tubular damages in 2,4-D-treated rat kidney. Another histopathological study of 2,4-D-treated rat kidney done by Uyanikgil et al [10] revealed that renal corpuscular degeneration, vacuolization of proximal tubules, and epithelial change in distal tubules also support the observation of the present study.…”

“…It was observed that 2,4-D accumulated in the kidney [8][9][10] and might affect their structure. Hence, kidney exhibited degenerative changes gradually with cellular atrophy.…”

“…While each kind of exposure may involve small amounts of 2,4-D, their cumulative effect poses a serious concern. In toxicity tests, significant adverse effects were noted in the blood [7] and kidneys [8][9][10]. 2,4-D toxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with significant oxidative properties of this compound, which is responsible for cell death mostly through the induction of apoptosis [7].…”

“…2,4-D toxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with significant oxidative properties of this compound, which is responsible for cell death mostly through the induction of apoptosis [7]. 2,4-D treatment showed a fair degree of derangement of renal functions with concomitant changes in the histological structure of the kidney [8][9][10]. Moreover, the increment in plasma urea and creatinine levels and the reduction of uric acid in plasma along with histopathological alterations of 2,4-D-treated rats reported by Tayeb et al [8] also supported the impairment of renal functions.…”