Immunohistochemical assessment of respiratory viruses in necropsy samples from lethal non-pandemic seasonal respiratory infections

Debur, Maria do Carmo; Raboni, Sônia Mara; Flizikowski, Fabiane B Z; Chong, Débora C; Persicote, Ana Paula; Nogueira, Meri Bordignon; Rosele, Luine V; Almeida, Sérgio Monteiro de; Noronha, Lúcia de

doi:10.1136/jcp.2010.077867

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The prevalence of PIV and EV was low in both cases and controls. PIV has previously been associated with childhood CAP, in contrary to our results 3 5 7–9 29. The real-time PCRs for PIV are monitored by yearly participation in quality assessment panels.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Respiratory viruses associated with community-acquired pneumonia in children: matched case–control study

Rhedin

Lindstrand

Hjelmgren

et al. 2015

Thorax

126

133

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Respiratory viruses associated with community-acquired pneumonia in children: matched case–control study

Rhedin

Lindstrand

Hjelmgren

et al. 2015

Thorax

126

133

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“…In 200 children who died from serious respiratory infections in Brazil, use of immunohistochemical techniques aided detection of viruses in lung tissue from 53 (34%) with bronchopneumonia and 18 (42%) with interstitial pneumonitis, predominantly respiratory syncytial virus, infl uenza A and B viruses, adenovirus, and parainfl uenza viruses types 1, 2, and 3. 123 In another study from Mexico, PCR detected respiratory syncytial virus in lung tissue from 29 (30%) of 98 children who died from pneumonia. 124 Of archived lung tissue from 175 children who died of pneumonia in south China, 20 samples had adenovirus detected by PCR or by immunohistochemistry.…”

Section: Pathologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Viral pneumonia

et al. 2011

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About 200 million cases of viral community-acquired pneumonia occur every year-100 million in children and 100 million in adults. Molecular diagnostic tests have greatly increased our understanding of the role of viruses in pneumonia, and findings indicate that the incidence of viral pneumonia has been underestimated. In children, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, and parainfluenza viruses are the agents identified most frequently in both developed and developing countries. Dual viral infections are common, and a third of children have evidence of viral-bacterial co-infection. In adults, viruses are the putative causative agents in a third of cases of community-acquired pneumonia, in particular influenza viruses, rhinoviruses, and coronaviruses. Bacteria continue to have a predominant role in adults with pneumonia. Presence of viral epidemics in the community, patient's age, speed of onset of illness, symptoms, biomarkers, radiographic changes, and response to treatment can help differentiate viral from bacterial pneumonia. However, no clinical algorithm exists that will distinguish clearly the cause of pneumonia. No clear consensus has been reached about whether patients with obvious viral community-acquired pneumonia need to be treated with antibiotics. Apart from neuraminidase inhibitors for pneumonia caused by influenza viruses, there is no clear role for use of specific antivirals to treat viral community-acquired pneumonia. Influenza vaccines are the only available specific preventive measures. Further studies are needed to better understand the cause and pathogenesis of community-acquired pneumonia. Furthermore, regional differences in cause of pneumonia should be investigated, in particular to obtain more data from developing countries.

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“…Airway inflammation and obstruction are certainly important components of HPIV pathogenesis. The histopathology of RSV bronchiolitis and pneumonia, which has been studied in more detail, also is characterized by obstruction of the small airways by inflammatory cell debris, edema, and external compression of the bronchioles from hyperplastic lymphoid follicles [68,69]. …”

Section: Factors Contributing To Hpiv Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of acute respiratory illness caused by human parainfluenza viruses

Schomacker

Schaap-Nutt

Collins

et al. 2012

Current Opinion in Virology

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Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are a common cause of acute respiratory illness throughout life. Infants, children, and the immunocompromised are the most likely to develop severe disease. HPIV1 and HPIV2 are best known to cause croup while HPIV3 is a common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia. HPIVs replicate productively in respiratory epithelial cells and do not spread systemically unless the host is severely immunocompromised. Molecular studies have delineated how HPIVs evade and block cellular innate immune responses to permit efficient replication, local spread, and host-to-host transmission. Studies using ex vivo human airway epithelium have focused on virus tropism, cellular pathology and the epithelial inflammatory response, elucidating how events early in infection shape the adaptive immune response and disease outcome.

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Immunohistochemical assessment of respiratory viruses in necropsy samples from lethal non-pandemic seasonal respiratory infections

Abstract: Non-pandemic seasonal respiratory viruses are involved in a significant number of deaths in paediatric patients; these findings highlight the importance of laboratory investigation of these agents in patients hospitalised with severe acute respiratory infections.

Cited by 22 publications

References 59 publications

Respiratory viruses associated with community-acquired pneumonia in children: matched case–control study

Respiratory viruses associated with community-acquired pneumonia in children: matched case–control study

Viral pneumonia

Pathogenesis of acute respiratory illness caused by human parainfluenza viruses

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