Immunohistochemical Correlation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase-2 in Tobacco Associated Epithelial Dysplasia

Abstract

Aim. To study the immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in different histological grades of tobacco associated epithelial dysplasia and correlate the association between these proteases. Potentially malignant oral disorders (PMODs) progressing to oral cancer are related to the severity of epithelial dysplasia. Methods. A retrospective immunohistochemical study was carried out on 30 clinically and histologically proven cases of leukoplakia with dysplasia and 10 cases of normal buccal mucosa using anti-MMP-2 and anti-TIMP-2 monoclonal antibodies. Results. Mann Whitney U test, for comparing the expression of both MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in normal mucosa with dysplasia, was highly significant (P < 0.001). Kruskal-Wallis test to compare the median score of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in different grades of dysplasia showed statistical significance (P < 0.001), and a Spearman's correlation between MMP-2 and TIMP-2 through different grades of dysplasia and cells observed showed positive correlation. Conclusion. Concomitant increase in the expression of both MMP-2 and TIMP-2 suggested that the activation of MMP-2 is dependent on TIMP-2 acting as a cofactor. Changes in TIMP-2 levels are considered important because they directly affect the level of MMP-2 activity.

Tumor-Infiltrated Lymphocytes, Macrophages, and Dendritic Cells in Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma of Corpus Uteri as Potential Prognostic Factors: An Immunohistochemical Study

“…7 Median CD68 expression in patients with and without EA progression was 38.2% (15.3%Y65.7%) and 64.6% (44.5%Y84.2%), respectively. The ROC analysis of CD68 expression in TAM revealed that the AUC was 0.918 (CI, 0.818Y0.973; P G 0.0001).…”

“…B lymphocytes can be present within tumor islets, in tumor stroma, and at the tumor invasive margin. 7 The median of CD20 expression was 37.2% (0%Y65.2%) in the group with unfavorable outcome. In the second group of patients (favorable outcome), the expression of CD20 was 35.5% (30.8%Y52.7%).…”

“…7 Median CD57 expressions were 24.3% (0%Y47.4%) and 45.6% (22%Y71.4%) in groups with unfavorable and favorable outcomes, respectively. The ROC-CD57 expression analysis showed that the AUC was 0.909 (CI, 0.807Y0.968), which is statistically significant (P G 0.0001).…”

Molecular markers associated with development and progression of potentially premalignant oral epithelial lesions: Current knowledge and future implications

“…90 Other MMPs, such as MMP-2 and MMP-20, have been also detected in tissues or saliva of patients with PPOELs, warranting further investigation. [97][98][99] Inflammation-Cyclooxygenase-2 Cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) catalyze the synthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. The COX-2 isoform of the enzyme is the most important in carcinogenesis, which, through the production of prostaglandins, plays a role in the development and progression of many cancers, including colon, breast, colorectal, and lung cancers, by various mechanisms acting at different stages.…”

Human aqueous humor levels of transforming growth factor-β2: Association with matrix metalloproteinases/tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases

“…TGF-β2 is an important factor in the modulation of growth and development of the eyeball (21). In four-week-old guinea pigs, it was demonstrated that the retinal levels of the TGF-β2 protein are highly correlated with ocular refraction and axial length (22).…”