Immunohistochemical Diagnosis of a Merkel Cell Tumor in a Dog

Konno, Akihiro; Nagata, Michio; Nanko, Hiroko

doi:10.1177/030098589803500609

Cited by 29 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…7,12 All Merkel cell carcinomas identified in dogs have been considered benign except one. 1,3,7,12 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Merkel cell carcinoma in a cat.An 18-year-old spayed female Maine Coon Cat was referred to the Animal Medical Center (New York) with a diagnosis of cutaneous lymphoma. The cutaneous mass was 1 cm in diameter, was reported to have been growing for 120 days, was located in the dorsolateral cervical area, and had been resected.…”

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Clinicopathologic and Electron Microscopic Study of Cutaneous Neuroendocrine (Merkel Cell) Carcinoma in a Cat with Comparisons to Human and Canine Tumors

Patnaik¹,

Post²,

Erlandson³

2001

Vet Pathol

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Abstract. Malignant neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin (Merkel cell tumor) was diagnosed in an 18-year-old spayed female Maine Coon Cat. The diagnosis was made on the basis of morphologic and electron microscopic findings. The cat was euthanatized 321 days after surgical excision of the tumor. The tumor's malignancy contrasted with the benign nature of Merkel cell tumors reported in dogs and was consistent with the malignancy of Merkel cell tumors reported in humans.Key words: Cat diseases; cutaneous neoplasms; Merkel cell carcinoma; neuroendocrine carcinoma; skin.Merkel cells are the neuroendocrine cells of the skin, a rare component of the normal follicular epidermis. In hair follicles, a few Merkel cells are always present in the bulge of the isthmus. Merkel cells are widely dispersed in the skin, adnexa, oral cavity, and other sites. 2,6 Merkel cell carcinoma in humans is considered to be a relatively high-grade malignant tumor; 50-66% of patients have regional lymph node metastasis. [9][10][11] This tumor has also been reported at other sites, such as the oral cavity, eyelid, and ear canal, in addition to the skin. 4,5 In companion animals, Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin with metastasis was first described in a 14-year-old dog in 1983. 1 Four cases of Merkel cell tumor of the oral cavity and 20 cases of the skin have been reported in dogs. 7,12 All Merkel cell carcinomas identified in dogs have been considered benign except one. 1,3,7,12 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Merkel cell carcinoma in a cat.An 18-year-old spayed female Maine Coon Cat was referred to the Animal Medical Center (New York) with a diagnosis of cutaneous lymphoma. The cutaneous mass was 1 cm in diameter, was reported to have been growing for 120 days, was located in the dorsolateral cervical area, and had been resected. Sections of the tumor prepared routinely for histopathologic examination were reviewed by one of us (A. K. Patnaik). The diagnosis was changed to neuroendocrine carcinoma with involvement of the margins.Ninety-nine days after the first surgery, a 1.5-cm recurrent lesion was seen at the surgical site, and there were two smaller satellite lesions close to the surgical site. The recurrent tumor and the prescapular lymph node were resected. Radiographs showed cardiomegaly but no lesions in any of the visceral organs, including the lungs. Ultrasound revealed a polypoid mass of 0.7 ϫ 0.8 cm in the gallbladder, but no lesions were observed in any other organs.Fifty-eight days after the second resection, the cat was reexamined because of coughing. Radiographs showed a pulmonary mass in the left lateral lobe. The gallbladder mass remained unchanged, as revealed by ultrasound examination. The cat was treated with thalidomide (25 mg every 24 hours), an antiangiogenic agent.Ninety-three days after the second surgery (196 days after the first), the tumor recurred (4.3 cm) at the site. Radiographs showed multiple pulmonary nodules and a mass at the base of the heart and mediastinum. The coughing diminishe...

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Clinicopathologic and Electron Microscopic Study of Cutaneous Neuroendocrine (Merkel Cell) Carcinoma in a Cat with Comparisons to Human and Canine Tumors

Patnaik¹,

Post²,

Erlandson³

2001

Vet Pathol

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“…The finding of lymph node metastasis together with many mitotic figures in our case suggested a malignant character of the tumor. On the other hand, Merkel cell tumors seemed to be benign in dogs [8], while most were malignant in humans. Therefore, the clinical behavior of this tumor in cats was shown to be similar to that in human.…”

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“…Some kinds of trichoblastoma are difficult to differentiate from Merkel cell carcinoma [2,8]. Trichoblastoma often included focal positivity for synaptophysin, chromogranin A and cytokeratin 20, indicating neuroendocrine differentiation [4,13].…”

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Merkel Cell Carcinoma in a Cat

Ozaki

Narama

2009

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. A 17-year-old spayed female Japanese domestic cat presented with a solitary cutaneous mass in the right thoracic area. Histopathologically, the mass consisted mainly of round tumor cells that had infiltrated throughout the dermis and deep subcutaneous tissue. The proliferating pattern of tumor cells was solid but also trabecular or cord-like in some areas, and lined with small cells resembling mature lymphocytes or basal cells. The tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin 20 and synaptophysin. The positive reaction for cytokeratin 20 showed localized to diffuse pattern. This is the first report describing now cytokeratin 20 was clearly beneficial for the differential diagnosis of feline Merkel cell carcinoma.KEY WORDS: cytokeratin 20, feline, Merkel cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor.

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“…Most cases of neuroendocrine tumours have been reported in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, liver and central or peripheral nervous system. The skin may also be involved (referred to as a Merkel cell carcinoma) (Konno et al, 1998). Rare cases that have involved the respiratory tract include two mediastinal tumours (Liptak et al, 2008) and a tracheobronchial neuroendocrine carcinoma in a cat (Rossi et al, 2007).…”

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