Immunohistochemical differential diagnosis between thymic carcinoma and type B3 thymoma: diagnostic utility of hypoxic marker, GLUT-1, in thymic epithelial neoplasms

Kojika, Masakazu; Ishii, Genichiro; Yoshida, Junji; Nishimura, Mituyo; Hishida, Tomoyuki; Ota, Shu Ji; Murata, Yukinori; Nagai, Kanji; Ochiai, Atsushi

doi:10.1038/modpathol.2009.105

Cited by 74 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…119,122 Interestingly, most of the thymic carcinomas have been positive for p63 and PAX8. 121,122,124 Classification of thymic NETs is similar to that of pulmonary NETs, including TC, AC, LCNEC, and small cell carcinoma. The diagnostic morphologic criteria of thymic NETs are similar to those of their counterparts in the lung.…”

Section: Application Of Ihc For the Differential Diagnosis Of Sarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SPT24 shows greater sensitivity in detecting more pulmonary tumors of all histologic subtypes at the expense of its specificity, contributing to a few reported expressions of TTF1 in breast, colon, and gynecologic tumors and colon. [123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132] Thus, 8G7G3/1 might be a better choice to differentiate primary from metastatic carcinomas. In recent years, many organspecific markers have been established.…”

Section: Application Of Ihc For the Differential Diagnosis Of Sarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utility of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Pleuropulmonary and Mediastinal Cancers: A Review and Update

Zhang

Deng

Cagle

2014

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Immunohistochemistry has become an indispensable ancillary tool for the accurate classification of pleuropulmonary and mediastinal neoplasms necessary for therapeutic decisions and predicting prognostic outcome in the era of personalized medicine. Diagnostic accuracy has significantly improved because of the continuous discoveries of tumor-associated biomarkers and the development of effective immunohistochemical panels.Objective.-To increase the accuracy of diagnosis and classify pleuropulmonary neoplasms through immunohistochemistry.Data Sources.-Literature review, authors' research data, and personal practice experience.Conclusions.-This review article has shown that appropriately selecting immunohistochemical panels enables pathologists to effectively diagnose most primary pleuropulmonary neoplasms and differentiate primary lung tumors from a variety of metastatic tumors to the lung. The discovery of new mutation-specific antibodies identifying a subset of specific gene-arranged lung tumors provides a promising alternative and cost-effective approach to molecular testing. Knowing the utilities and pitfalls of each tumor-associated biomarker is essential to avoiding potential diagnostic errors.

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Section: Application Of Ihc For the Differential Diagnosis Of Sarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Of Ihc For the Differential Diagnosis Of Sarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Pleuropulmonary and Mediastinal Cancers: A Review and Update

Zhang

Deng

Cagle

2014

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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“…(online first, page number not for citation purpose) crease in the expression of glucose transporter in lung cancer and thymic epithelial tumors [18,29] . A higher expression of SGLT1 has also been found in ovarian, colorectal, and lung cancer tissues compared to healthy tissues, indicating a positive correlation between the activity of glucose transporters and tumor development [30] .…”

Section: Expression Of Glucose Transporters In Tumor Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression and regulation of glucose transporters in tumor cells

et al. 2016

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Glucose transporter proteins are involved in many physiological and biochemical processes. In particular, the high expressions of sodium-glucose cotransporter and glucose transporter proteins in tumor cells show that these two transporters play a key role in tumor cell metabolism. Studying the crystal structure and conformation of human glucose transporter proteins has enabled the development of drugs based on specific binding sites, opening up a new path towards more effective cancer treatments. This mini review serves to summarize our existing understanding of the metabolic pathways of tumor cells, focusing on the roles of glucose transporter proteins.

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“…Willis et al [29] compared two diagnostic pathways: TRUS-guided biopsy against multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), followed by MRI-targeted biopsy, if positive. The study suggested that mpMRI and consequent MRI-targeted biopsy might result in biopsies that are more accurate and fewer in number as compared with TRUS-guided biopsies.…”

Section: Sensitivity and Specificity In The Detection Of Prostate Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have shown that there is a significant in- crease in the expression of glucose transporter in lung cancer and thymic epithelial tumors [18,29] . A higher expression of SGLT1 has also been found in ovarian, colorectal, and lung cancer tissues compared to healthy tissues, indicating a positive correlation between the activity of glucose transporters and tumor development [30] .…”

Section: Expression Of Glucose Transporters In Tumor Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

AMOR Vol. 2, Issue 6, December 2016

Wang¹

2016

Adv Mod Oncol Res

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mmune checkpoint inhibitors are undeniably among the most important advances made in the field of cancer therapy in the past decade [1] . By releasing the immune system brakes that limit the activation of T-cells, they boost self-response against foreign antigens including cancer cells [2] . In the past three years, a number of checkpoint inhibitors have been approved for use in routine clinical settings. Ipilimumab was among the first to be approved for the management of melanoma in both adjuvant and metastatic settings [3][4][5] . Meanwhile, nivolumab and pembrolizumab are two programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)-targeted monoclonal antibodies that have been approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC ) [6][7][8][9][10][11] . Moreover, nivolumab has also been approved for previously treated metastatic renal cell carcinoma and previously treated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma [9,12] . In addition to the aforementioned compounds, atezolizumab is a novel anti programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody that has shown impressive activity for advanced urothelial carcinoma and previously treated NSCLC [13,14] . A number of other checkpoint inhibitors including avelumab, durvalumab, and tremelimumab are currently undergoing evaluation at different preclinical and clinical phases [15] . However, the use of these agents presents a number of challenges to the treating physicians, most notably being the response evaluation criteria, the role of biomarkers, and the detection and management of peculiar toxicities associated with these agents. Given the peculiar response patterns observed with these agents, specific immune-related response evaluation criteria have been suggested and they are now widely used in different clinical settings [16] . Moreover, a number of biomarkers have been proposed as response predictors of these agents, particularly the PD-L1 status in association with anti-PD-L1 treatment) [17,18] . Nonetheless, the use of this biomarker has been criticized for the lack of consistency and standardization, and it is expected to take a while before a general consensus can be established on this particular point [19] . The issue of toxicity is another important point of consideration associated with the use of immune check point inhibitors. Contrary to traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy, check point inhibition is linked to a wide spectrum of immune-related toxicities including those of endocrine, cutaneous, pulmonary, hepatic, ocular, and neurological, which necessitate proper diagnosis and treatment [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] . In conclusion, the advancement of immuno-oncology is transforming the field of oncology worldwide. It remains to be seen whether developing countries are capable of coping with the escalating prices of these newer immuno-therapeutics and more importantly, it is crucial to identify measures that can be taken by the global oncology community to deliver these life-saving drugs to all patients in n...

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Immunohistochemical differential diagnosis between thymic carcinoma and type B3 thymoma: diagnostic utility of hypoxic marker, GLUT-1, in thymic epithelial neoplasms

Cited by 74 publications

References 32 publications

Utility of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Pleuropulmonary and Mediastinal Cancers: A Review and Update

Utility of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Pleuropulmonary and Mediastinal Cancers: A Review and Update

The expression and regulation of glucose transporters in tumor cells

AMOR Vol. 2, Issue 6, December 2016

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