Immunohistochemical localization of short chain cartilage collagen (type X) in avian tissues.

Schmid, Thomas; Linsenmayer, Thomas F.

doi:10.1083/jcb.100.2.598

Cited by 430 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…However, it was particularly intense in the pericellular and interterritorial matrices of chondrocytes in the proliferating and resting zones ( Figure 1E). The immunostaining for type X collagen was strictly limited to the enlarged chondrocytes typical of hypertrophic cartilage (Schmid and Linsenmayer 1985) (Figure 1F). …”

Section: Growth Platementioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of the Transcription Factors Sox9, AP-2, and [Delta]EF1 in Adult Murine Articular and Meniscal Cartilage and Growth Plate

Davies

Sakano

Zhu

et al. 2002

J Histochem Cytochem.

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the development, maintenance, and repair of cartilage tissues. Matrix molecule synthesis is generally regulated by the rate of gene transcription determined by DNA transcription factors. We have shown that transcription factors Sox9, AP-2, and [delta]EF1 are able to alter the rate of CD-RAP transcription in vitro: Sox9 upregulates, AP-2 exhibits biphasic effects, and [delta]EF1 represses expression of the CD-RAP gene. To correlate these in vitro activities in vivo, transcription factors were co-immunolocalized with ECM proteins in three different cartilage tissues in which the rates of biosynthesis are quite different: articular, meniscal, and growth plate. Immunoreactivities of type II collagen and CD-RAP were higher in growth plate than in either the articular or meniscal cartilages and correlated positively with Sox9 protein. Sox9 staining decreased with hypertrophy and was low in articular and meniscal cartilages. In contrast, AP-2 and [delta]EF1 were low in proliferating chondrocytes but high in lower growth plate, articular, and meniscal cartilages. This increase was also accompanied by intense nuclear staining. These immunohistochemical results are the first to localize both [delta]EF1 and AP-2 to adult articular, meniscal, and growth plate cartilages and provide in vivo correlation of previous molecular biological studies.

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Section: Growth Platementioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of the Transcription Factors Sox9, AP-2, and [Delta]EF1 in Adult Murine Articular and Meniscal Cartilage and Growth Plate

Davies

Sakano

Zhu

et al. 2002

J Histochem Cytochem.

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“…At this stage, chondrocytes begin to elaborate a specialized extracellular matrix containing type II collagen. Midway between the ends of this elongated cartilaginous template, chondrocytes exit the cell cycle, hypertrophy, and begin to synthesize type X collagen in place of type II collagen (Schmid and Linsenmayer 1985).…”

Section: Overview Of Skeletal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

FGF signaling pathways in endochondral and intramembranous bone development and human genetic disease

Ornitz¹,

Marie²

2002

Genes Dev.

818

648

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Over the last decade the identification of mutations in the receptors for fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) has defined essential roles for FGF signaling in both endochondral and intramembranous bone development. FGF signaling pathways are essential for the earliest stages of limb development and throughout skeletal development. In this review, we examine the role of FGF signaling in bone development and in human genetic diseases that affect bone development. We also explore what is presently known about how FGF signaling pathways interact with other major signaling pathways that regulate chondrogenesis and osteogenesis.

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“…In this highly regulated process, mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes that proliferate, mature, become hypertrophic and deposit large amounts of extracellular matrix (ECM) which is finally calcified, and replaced by bone (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin impairs the maturation of chondrocytes in vitro

Torres

Andrade

Fonseca

et al. 2003

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The precise nature of hormones and growth factors directly responsible for cartilage maturation is still largely unclear. Since longitudinal bone growth occurs through endochondral bone formation, excess or deficiency of most hormones and growth factors strongly influences final adult height. The structure and composition of the cartilaginous extracellular matrix have a critical role in regulating the behavior of growth plate chondrocytes. Therefore, the maintenance of the threedimensional cell-matrix interaction is necessary to study the influence of individual signaling molecules on chondrogenesis, cartilage maturation and calcification. To investigate the effects of insulin on both proliferation and induction of hypertrophy in chondrocytes in vitro we used high-density micromass cultures of chick embryonic limb mesenchymal cells. Culture medium was supplemented with 1% FCS + 60 ng/ml (0.01 µM) insulin and cultures were harvested at regular time points for later analysis. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunoreactivity was widely detected in insulin-treated cultures and persisted until day 21 and [ 3 H]-thymidine uptake was highest on day 14. While apoptosis increased in control cultures as a function of culture time, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-labeled cells were markedly reduced in the presence of insulin. Type II collagen production, alkaline phosphatase activity and cell size were also lower in insulin-treated cultures. Our results indicate that under the influence of 60 ng/ml insulin, chick chondrocytes maintain their proliferative potential but do not become hypertrophic, suggesting that insulin can affect the regulation of chondrocyte maturation and hypertrophy, possibly through an antiapoptotic effect.

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Immunohistochemical localization of short chain cartilage collagen (type X) in avian tissues.

Cited by 430 publications

References 40 publications

Distribution of the Transcription Factors Sox9, AP-2, and [Delta]EF1 in Adult Murine Articular and Meniscal Cartilage and Growth Plate

Distribution of the Transcription Factors Sox9, AP-2, and [Delta]EF1 in Adult Murine Articular and Meniscal Cartilage and Growth Plate

FGF signaling pathways in endochondral and intramembranous bone development and human genetic disease

Insulin impairs the maturation of chondrocytes in vitro

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