Immunohistochemical Localization of the Water Channels AQP4 and AQP5 in the Rat Pituitary Gland

Matsuzaki, Toshiyuki; Inahata, Yuki; Sawai, Nobuhiko; Yang, Chun-Ying; Kobayashi, Makito; Takata, Kuniaki; Ozawa, Hitoshi

doi:10.1267/ahc.11031

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…3). Matsuzaki et al have described the same structures in the normal anterior pituitary [12], but we were unable to detect them in controls or at any other time points after LPS injection in this study (data not shown). The reason for the discrepancy is unknown, but some elements that regulate the formation of cyst-like structures might exist in the healthy rat anterior pituitary gland.…”

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confidence: 61%

“…Our previous studies have shown that AQP4 protein is expressed in some FS cells and marginal layer cells in Rathke's residual pouch, but not in any hormoneproducing cells in the adenohypophysis [9,10]. Matsuzaki et al have reported similar immunohistochemical observations using their own AQP4 antibody [12]. In this study, the level of AQP4 transcripts was examined in whole anterior lobes, which included both FS cells and marginal cells, and we were therefore unable to determine whether mRNA for AQP4 had elevated in FS cells and/or marginal cells.…”

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confidence: 60%

“…The amount of LPS is the same as earlier publications [16,19]. The animals were then kept under observation and were put to death at different intervals after injection (2,4,8,12 and 24 hr). To control for the effects of saline injection, control rats were injected with saline alone and were also sacrificed 2 hr after the injection.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Systemic Administration of Lipopolysaccharide Increases the Expression of Aquaporin-4 in the Rat Anterior Pituitary Gland

et al. 2013

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ABSTRACT. We investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia on the expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) in the rat anterior pituitary gland, using the real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. After intraperitoneal injection of LPS, the level of AQP4 mRNA doubled at 2, 4 and 8 hr. Immunohistochemical analysis showed an increase with time in AQP4 immunostaining in folliculo-stellate cells following LPS injection; the intensity of immunoreactivity peaked at 8 hr. At the same time, some cyst-like structures, formed by AQP4-positive cells, were observed. These findings indicate that LPS induces the expression of AQP4 in the anterior pituitary gland. The present results should provide an important key to elucidate the pathogenesis of the anterior pituitary gland during endotoxemia. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the predominant water channel in the brain and is expressed in astrocytes [14]. It plays important roles in the regulation of brain water homeostasis in physiological and pathological conditions [1,3,14]. After brain injury or in brain edema, the expression of AQP4 is up-regulated, implying that AQP4 is involved in the development [8,14] and/or reduction [15] of brain lesions. In the anterior pituitary gland, folliculo-stellate (FS) cells comprise small populations of non-endocrine cells, which are similar in structure and function to astrocytes [6,13]. We have previously reported that AQP4 is expressed in FS cells and might be related to water transfer within the anterior pituitary gland [9,10]. We are not aware of any previous studies asking whether AQP4 expression is regulated in the anterior lobe and whether pathophysiological factors related to pituitary condition affect the expression of AQP4. Systemic injection of microbial toxins, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a cell wall component of Gram-negative bacteria, is often used as an experimental model of sepsis. In the mouse, LPS can induce cerebral edema formation and up-regulate expression of brain AQP4 [2]. Previous studies of the anterior pituitary gland indicate that systemically administered LPS elicits profound changes in hormone secretion [5,[18][19][20] and in mRNA for cytokines [19], but there have been no reports concerning AQP4 expression in the anterior lobe after LPS injection. We therefore examined the expression of AQP4 at various time points in anterior pituitary glands of LPS-injected rats, using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry.A total of 48 male Sprague Dawley rats (6 or 7 weeks old) were obtained from Clea Japan (Tokyo, Japan). The rats were treated with saline containing LPS (2.5 mg/kg body weight of O127: B8, L3129, Sigma, St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.) by intraperitoneal injection. The amount of LPS is the same as earlier publications [16,19]. The animals were then kept under observation and were put to death at different intervals after injection (2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hr). To control for the effects of saline injection, control rats were injected with saline ...

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Systemic Administration of Lipopolysaccharide Increases the Expression of Aquaporin-4 in the Rat Anterior Pituitary Gland

et al. 2013

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“…Paraffin sections were mounted on adhesive glass slides (Platinum; Matsunami, Osaka, Japan). For antigen retrieval, paraffin sections were placed in 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 9.0) and heated in a microwave oven (MI-77, AZUMAYA, Tokyo, Japan) for 30 min at 97°C [ 15 ]. Both frozen and paraffin sections were then incubated with 5% normal donkey serum-PBS to block non-specific binding of antibodies and subsequently incubated with anti-AQP5 polyclonal antibody (AffGPTM41, AffRaTM41, or AffRaTM14) overnight at 4°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Membrane water channel aquaporins provide specific pathway for transcellular water transfer in water-handling organs and tissues, such as kidney and salivary glands [ 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 29 ]. Aquaporin-5 (AQP5), which is predominantly found in the glandular tissues, is present in the luminal surface membrane of salivary gland acinar cells and provides a transcellular water transfer pathway for salivary fluid secretion [ 10 , 16 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Repeated Administration of Pilocarpine and Isoproterenol on Aquaporin-5 Expression in Rat Salivary Glands

Susa

Sawai

Aoki

et al. 2013

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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Aquaporins are water channel proteins which enable rapid water movement across the plasma membrane. Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) is the major aquaporin and is expressed on the apical membrane of salivary gland acinar cells. We examined the effects of repeated administration of pilocarpine, a clinically useful stimulant for salivary fluid secretion, and isoproterenol (IPR), a stimulant for salivary protein secretion, on the abundance of AQP5 protein in rat salivary glands by immunofluorescence microscopy and semi-quantitative immunoblotting. Unexpectedly AQP5 was decreased in pilocarpine-administered salivary glands, in which fluid secretion must be highly stimulated, implying that AQP5 might not be required for fluid secretion at least in pilocarpine-administered state. The abundance of AQP5, on the other hand, was found to be significantly increased in IPR-administered submandibular and parotid glands. To address the possible mechanism of the elevation of AQP5 abundance in IPR-administered animals, changes of AQP5 level in fasting animals, in which the exocytotic events are reduced, were examined. AQP5 was found to be decreased in fasting animals as expected. These results suggested that the elevation of cAMP and/or frequent exocytotic events could increase AQP5 protein. AQP5 expression seems to be easily changed by salivary stimulants, although these changes do not always reflect the ability in salivary fluid secretion.

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Expression and localization of forkhead box protein FOXJ1 in S100β-positive multiciliated cells of the rat pituitary

et al. 2016

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S100β-positive cells exist in the marginal cell layer (MCL) of the adenohypophysis and follicle structure in the parenchyma of anterior lobe (ALFS) in pituitary. They have multiple functions as phagocytes or cells that regulate hormone secretion. Majority of S100β-positive cells in the adenohypophysis express sex determining region Y-box 2 protein (SOX2), a stem cell marker; therefore, S100β/SOX2 double positive cells are also considered as one type of stem/progenitor cells. MCL and ALFS are consisting of morphologically two types of cells, i.e., multiciliated cells and non-ciliated cells. However, the relationship between the S100β-positive cells and multiciliated cells in the pituitary is largely unknown. In the present study, we first immunohistochemically verified the feature of multiciliated cells in MCL and ALFS. We then examined the expression patterns of FOXJ1, an essential expression factor for multiciliated cell-differentiation, and SOX2 in the S100β-positive multiciliated cells by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. We identified anew the S100β/SOX2/FOXJ1 triple positive multiciliated cells, and revealed that they were dispersed throughout the MCL and ALFS. These results indicate that the MCL and ALFS are consisting of morphologically and functionally distinct two types of cells, i.e., S100β/SOX2 double positive non-ciliated cells and S100β/SOX2/FOXJ1 triple positive multiciliated cells.

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Immunohistochemical Localization of the Water Channels AQP4 and AQP5 in the Rat Pituitary Gland

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Systemic Administration of Lipopolysaccharide Increases the Expression of Aquaporin-4 in the Rat Anterior Pituitary Gland

Systemic Administration of Lipopolysaccharide Increases the Expression of Aquaporin-4 in the Rat Anterior Pituitary Gland

Effects of Repeated Administration of Pilocarpine and Isoproterenol on Aquaporin-5 Expression in Rat Salivary Glands

Expression and localization of forkhead box protein FOXJ1 in S100β-positive multiciliated cells of the rat pituitary

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