Immunohistochemical Staining of Pediatric Solitary Angiokeratomas

Prindaville, Brea; Lawrence, Hillary S.; Singh, Vivekanand; Nopper, Amy J.; Horii, Kimberly A.

doi:10.1111/pde.13089

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, the available studies have significant limitations such as small sample size, analysis of only solitary AKs and restriction to pediatric population. Moreover, in ACD there is no evidence yet . The latest update of the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA), (2018), AKs remains as an unclassified vascular anomaly…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Angiokeratomas, not everything is Fabry disease

et al. 2019

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Introduction Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum are benign capillary malformations typically associated with Fabry disease and other lysosomal storage disorders. Only in a few cases they appear in healthy individuals. Methods and Case We carried out an exhaustive review of the literature on angiokeratomas and their main clinical, dermoscopy and histological features. Additionally, we reviewed the cases of healthy subjects illustrating the limitations of each case and comparing these results with our case. Discussion Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum is mostly related to Fabry disease and other lysosomal storage disorders. However, some cases may occur in apparently healthy individuals. Therefore, there is a increasing interest in its etiology, pathogenesis and clinical evaluation. Conclusion This is an academic–clinical review on angiokeratomas and their main implications in daily dermatological practice. Additionally, we report the first case in the literature of angiokeratoma corporis diffusum in a healthy patient with up‐to‐date laboratory methods currently available. The clinician should remember that not all angiokeratoma corporis diffusum occurs with lysosomal storage disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, in ACD there is no evidence yet. [35][36][37] The latest update of the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA), (2018), AKs remains as an unclassified vascular anomaly. 38…”

Section: Dermoscopy and Histology Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiokeratomas, not everything is Fabry disease

et al. 2019

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“…In this manner, Prindaville B et al [58] study 22 cases of solitary AK in pediatric age. All 22 cases showed at least focal staining for Prox-1 and 21 (95%) demonstrated at least focal staining for D2-40, indicating a lymphatic immunophenotype in some vessels in each lesion.…”

Section: Solitary or Multiple Acquired Akmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Diagnoses of Angiokeratomas

2020

AJODRR

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Review Article AJODRR (2020) 3:34 DIFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES OF ANGIOKERATOMAS Angiokeratomas (AK) are probably the vascular lesions that induce more confusion in the literature. The most accepted classification of AK was performed by Imperial and Helwig [1] , and they divide these lesions into five classical types: Mibelli's AK, Fordyce's AK, corporis diffusum AK, circumscribed naeviforme AK and solitary or multiple adquired angiokeratomas. Nevertheless, in the clinical practice, is not unusual to see AK type lesions associated to different types of vascular anomalies, and these lesions have difficult handling. In ISSVA classification AKs have been included as vascular anomalies provisionally unclassified. We perform the differential diagnoses of AKs and according to clinical picture, histopathological aspect, immunohistochemical markers and radiological findings proposed to divide AKs mainly in two groups. Primary AKs are the classical types. The new inmunohistochemical findings suggest that these lesions might be included as mixed capillary-lymphatic malformations. Secondary AKs are related with different vascular anomalies, secondary to other process with lymphatic obstruction, related to drugs, or associated with no vascular lesions as lymphoid lesions. Different underlying vascular anomelies might be related with AKs including deep capillary-lymphatic malformations (CLM), venous-lymphatic malformations (VLM), capillary-lymphatic-venous malformations (CLVM) (Klippel-Trenaunauy Sd), deep lymphatic malformations (LM), venous malformations (VM) as hyperkeratotic venous malformation, cavenomatous cerebral malformations, traumatic arteriovenous fistula and eccrine angiokeratomatous hamartoma. Clinical aspect, radiological studies and histopathological examination might help to do a correct diagnosis of this heterogenous entity.

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