Immunolocalization of Antifreeze Proteins in Winter Rye Leaves, Crowns, and Roots by Tissue Printing

Antikainen, Mervi; Griffith, Marilyn; Zhang, Jing; Hon, Wai-Ching; Yang, Deguang; Pihakaski-Maunsbach, Kaarina

doi:10.1104/pp.110.3.845

Cited by 73 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Percentages of total osmolytes present in apoplastic fluid extracted from NH and 1PH tissues were not significantly different from each other (Table I). Even though we found no significant difference in osmolytes in the apoplasts of NH and 1PH oat crowns, others (Marentes et al, 1993;Antikainen et al, 1996) have shown that quantitative changes in proteins do occur in the apoplast of rye leaves during 1PH.…”

Section: Indicators Of Cellular Leakagecontrasting

confidence: 47%

Apoplastic Sugars, Fructans, Fructan Exohydrolase, and Invertase in Winter Oat: Responses to Second-Phase Cold Hardening

1998

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Changes in apoplastic carbohydrate concentrations and activities of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes were determined in crown tissues of oat (Avena sativa L., cv Wintok) during cold hardening. During second-phase hardening (؊3°C for 3 d) levels of fructan, sucrose, glucose, and fructose in the apoplast increased significantly above that in nonhardened and first-phase-hardened plants. The extent of the increase in apoplastic fructan during second-phase hardening varied with the degree of fructan polymerization (DP) (e.g. DP3 and DP4 increased to a greater extent than DP7 and DP > 7). Activities of invertase and fructan exohydrolase in the crown apoplast increased approximately 4-fold over nonhardened and first-phase-hardened plants. Apoplastic fluid extracted from nonhardened, first-phase-hardened, and second-phase-hardened crown tissues had low levels, of symplastic contamination, as determined by malate dehydrogenase activity. The significance of these results in relation to increases in freezing tolerance from second-phase hardening is discussed.Cold-hardening winter cereals such as rye (Secale cereale), wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), and oat (Avena sativa) is generally accomplished by exposure to temperatures just above freezing. As early as 1935, Tumenov (cited by Trunova, 1965) reported that an additional phase of hardening by exposure of cold-hardened plants to nonlethal, below-freezing temperatures resulted in significant increases in cold hardiness. Tumenov called this 2PH. With a 2PH treatment, Trunova (1965) and Siminovich (cited by Steponkus, 1978) induced an increase in freezing tolerance of wheat significantly beyond that achieved from cold hardening above freezing (1PH). Olien (1984) reported similar results in rye and barley, and reported a decrease in the LT 50 of oats from Ϫ13°C with 1PH only to Ϫ18°C after a 3-d 2PH period at Ϫ3°C.After 2PH Trunova (1965) found decreased levels of fructan and increased levels of Glc, Fru, and Suc in whole crown tissue of wheat. He suggested that the sugar increase during 2PH was providing osmotic protection to cells in the over-wintering organ (crown) of the plant. Olien (1984), using a perfusion technique, reported an increase in apoplastic sugars during 2PH and suggested that these sugars helped prevent adhesion of ice to critical cellular tissue during freezing.In the present study we wanted to determine the percent distribution of fructan exohydrolase and invertase in the apoplast and symplast of oat crowns, and what the effect of 1PH and 2PH would be on their activities in the respective locations. Additionally, we wanted to determine if fructan was present in the apoplast and the effect of cold hardening on its presence. Finally, we wanted to re-examine the effect of cold hardening on simple sugar levels in the apoplast using a different technique than that used by Olien (1984). MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant CultureSeeds of the oat (Avena sativa L.) cv Wintok were planted in Scotts Metromix 220 1 (Scotts-Sierra Horticultural Products Co...

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Section: Indicators Of Cellular Leakagecontrasting

confidence: 47%

Apoplastic Sugars, Fructans, Fructan Exohydrolase, and Invertase in Winter Oat: Responses to Second-Phase Cold Hardening

1998

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“…Cold stress induced an accumulation of soluble proteins in Brassica juncea (Hayat et al 2000(Hayat et al , 2001. Synthesis of specific proteins is an important mechanism involved in increasing freezing tolerance during cold acclimation (Antikainen et al 1996). Low temperature stress increased glucose, starch and sucrose contents (Table 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and biochemical effect of 24-epibrassinoslide on cold tolerance in maize seedlings

Singh

Kumar

Singh

et al. 2012

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Germination and early seedling growth are important for establishment of maize because maize is chilling sensitive crop and low temperature during early period of growth can be detrimental to subsequent crop growth and productivity. Therefore, it is important to protect maize seedling from cold stress. A study was conducted on induced cold tolerance by 24-epibrassinoslide (EBR) at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. Maize seedlings were raised in green house condition (25/18°C day-night temperatures). Ten days old seedlings were treated with EBR (0.0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10 μM) and then divided into two sets, one set was kept in greenhouse (25/18°C day-night temperatures) and another was transferred to net house (cold stress). Data on various morpho-physiological traits was recorded after 7, 14 and 21 days of treatment. Exogenous application of 1.0 μM EBR had significant effect on growth and morpho-physiological traits under both conditions. The maize seedlings treated with EBR were more tolerant to cold stress than the untreated one. Significant increase in plant height, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll content, total soluble proteins and starch contents was observed under both conditions, however, the results were more pronounced under cold stress. 1.0 μM concentration being the most effective under both conditions. Maintenance of high tissue water content, reduced membrane injury index, increased total chlorophyll, soluble sugar and protein content were taken as the possible indicators of EBR induced chilling tolerance.

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“…Several PRs are expressed in cultured cells [6,72] 55], also suggestive of a developmental role. PR-2-like, PR-3-like and PR-5-like proteins accumulate in the apoplast of winter rye tissues during cold acclimation and exhibit antifreeze activity [3]. Basic PR-5 proteins (osmotin) are induced in e.g.…”

Section: Current Status Of the Families Of Pathogenesis-related Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The families of pathogenesis-related proteins, their activities, and comparative analysis of PR-1 type proteins

Loon

Strien

1999

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

1,660

929

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Immunolocalization of Antifreeze Proteins in Winter Rye Leaves, Crowns, and Roots by Tissue Printing

Cited by 73 publications

References 54 publications

Apoplastic Sugars, Fructans, Fructan Exohydrolase, and Invertase in Winter Oat: Responses to Second-Phase Cold Hardening

Apoplastic Sugars, Fructans, Fructan Exohydrolase, and Invertase in Winter Oat: Responses to Second-Phase Cold Hardening

Physiological and biochemical effect of 24-epibrassinoslide on cold tolerance in maize seedlings

The families of pathogenesis-related proteins, their activities, and comparative analysis of PR-1 type proteins

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