Immunologic aspects of human colostrum and milk

Ogra, S.S.; Ogra, Pearay L.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(78)80285-6

Cited by 150 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Similar finding was reported from neighborhood districts [13]. Colostrum provides immune factors and act as first immunization for the child [35]. Thus, colostrum avoidance results easy exposure of child to infection in his/her earlier life and hence under nutrition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Household food insecurity and its association with nutritional status of under five children in Sekela District, Western Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study

Mulu

Mengistie

2017

BMC Nutr

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Background: Food insecurity influences children nutritional status by limiting the quantity and quality of dietary intake. Studies conducted across different parts of the world revealed controversial evidences about the relationship between household food insecurity and child nutritional status. Although child malnutrition and food insecurity are the main problems in Ethiopia, to what extent food insecurity contributes to children nutritional status is not yet well studied. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare children nutritional status in food secure and insecure housholds. Method: A community based comparative cross sectional study was conducted in Sekela District,Western Ethiopia from February 5-27, 2014. The total sample size was 576 households having at least one children less than 5 year's old. Two stage cluster stratified sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected using a pre tested structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Household food insecurity was measured using household food insecurity access scale. Anthropometry indices were calculated using WHO Anthro 3.1.0 and interpreted according to WHO 2006 cutoff points. Data were entered using Epi.Data 3.2. and exported to SPSS 21.0 for analysis. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify independent predictors of children under nutrition. Result: The mean of household food insecurity score was 8.16 ± 6.01 and the prevalence of food insecurity was 74.1%. Of children in food insecure households 38.9% were stunted, 22.6% were underweighted and 12.9% were wasted while the respective prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting were 31.3%, 11.8% and 7.6% among children in food secure households. Food insecurity had association with children underweight (AOR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.29, 3.94), but not with stunting and wasting. Children under nutrition had independent association with sex and age of the child, colostrum feeding, upper respiratory infection, fever, and maternal literacy. Conclusion: Household food insecurity and child under nutrition were critical problems in the study setting. Socio demographic factors, poor child caring practices, infection and food insecurity had positive association with children under nutrition. Thus, due emphasis should be given for the designing and implementation of multi sectorial community based nutrition interventions and initiation of income generating livelihood to the community to curtail under nutrition and household food insecurity in the locality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Household food insecurity and its association with nutritional status of under five children in Sekela District, Western Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study

Mulu

Mengistie

2017

BMC Nutr

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“…Although not considered in this study, it must be emphasized that there are many other soluble antigens in human milk which have been shown to inhibit certain microorganisms by combin-D a y s a f t e r Delivery ing or competing with them in vitro; these include secretory piece, lactoperoxidase, interferon, bifidus factor, and immunoregulatory mediators (13). Many of these factors may function in conjunction with the specific immunoglobulins and components ofthe complement system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential Changes in the Antimicrobial Protein Concentrations in Human Milk during Lactation and Its Relevance to Banked Human Milk

Lewis‐Jones

Connolly

et al. 1985

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. The concentrations of eight antimicrobial proteins, 1 1 s IgA, IgG, IgM, a,-antitrypsin, lactoferrin, lysozyme, C3, and C4 were measured in sequential samples of colostrum, transitional and mature milk from 47 women in Merseyside, England by single radial immunodiffusion. Concentrations were highest in colostrum and then declined until relatively stable concentrations were reached in mature milk. A wide variation in protein concentrations was noted in the milk from different individuals at any given postpartum time interval and this was particularly so during the first 4 days postpartum. The decline in individual antimicrobial protein concentrations seen in samples of transitional milk appeared to take a variable period of time to stabilize to mature milk concentrations of each protein. These variations may reflect different rates of transport or secretion of these proteins from the alveolar epithelial cells into the alveolar lumen.

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“…Immune factors in milk include cellular components such as lymphocytes, macrophages, and mononuclear cells and soluble components including immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and other specific antibodies (2,3) as well as essential nutrients. The list is not, however, inclusive of all potential immunoreactive components in milk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Alkylglycerols in Lactating Rats on Immune Responses in Pups

Jadhav

1994

Pediatr Res

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Alkylglycerols (AG) arc glyceryl ether lipids and are present in human and cow's milk and the hematopoietic organs such as bone marrow, spleen, and liver. The biologic effects of AG include stimulation of blood leukocyte and thrombocyte production and activation of macrophage and anti-tumor activity. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary AG in lactating rats on AG levels in milk and development of certain immune responses in the pups. Lactating rats were fed diets supplemented with various levels of AG. Milk samples were expressed from the dams and blood was collected from the pups on postpartum d 8, 16, and 24. Concentrations of AG in milk from the dams fed AG were significantly greater than those of the controls @ < 0.05). Peripheral blood granulocytes were significantly elevated in pups from the dams fed AG, but there were no differences in peripheral blood lymphocyte numbers. Plasma levels of immunoglobulins were significantly greater for IgG @ < 0.01) and IgM @ < 0.001) in pups from the dams fed AG than in the control pups. The supplementation of AG in the diets of lactating dams significantly elevated AG levels in the milk, and the increased AG in the milk subsequently stimulated certain immune responses in the pups. in the newborn depends on the prompt and precise integration of cellular and humoral immune responses. The fetus has been in a sterile intrauterine environment, and at birth, the neonate has not yet developed a mature immune system (8). To deal with the hostile extrauterine environment, the newborn immune system must accomplish an adequate immunocompetence. Migliore-Samour

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Immunologic aspects of human colostrum and milk

Cited by 150 publications

References 13 publications

Household food insecurity and its association with nutritional status of under five children in Sekela District, Western Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study

Household food insecurity and its association with nutritional status of under five children in Sekela District, Western Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study

Sequential Changes in the Antimicrobial Protein Concentrations in Human Milk during Lactation and Its Relevance to Banked Human Milk

Effects of Dietary Alkylglycerols in Lactating Rats on Immune Responses in Pups

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