Immunologic Evaluation of Chemically Sensitive Patients

Kipen, Howard M.; Fiedler, Nancy; Maccia, C.A.; Yurkow, Edward J.; Todaro, Jeanine A.; Laskin, Debra L.

doi:10.1177/074823379200800413

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Antichemical (e.g., formaldehyde) antibodies have been reported (26)(27)(28), as have elevated levels of autoantibodies (29). Changes in lymphocyte subsets have been reported (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). The preliminary description of T-cell subset abnormalities reported by Kipen et al (25), have not been confirmed with testing of increased numbers of patients and inclusion of healthy controls (31).…”

Section: Nasal Pathology and Olfactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Chemical sensitivity: the scientific literature.

Fiedler

Kipen²

1997

Environ Health Perspect

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Section: Nasal Pathology and Olfactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers have conceptualized that this sensitivity would be expressed in reduced odor threshold. Doty (4,24,25). Antichemical (e.g., formaldehyde) antibodies have been reported (26)(27)(28), as have elevated levels of autoantibodies (29).…”

Section: Nasal Pathology and Olfactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical sensitivity: the scientific literature.

Fiedler

Kipen²

1997

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Clinical samples studied by some authors (98)(99)(100)(101)(102) were also predominantly women. In their large representative household population study, Meggs et al (11) found that 39% of women and 24% of men reported chemical sensitivity.…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple chemical sensitivity and idiopathic environmental intolerance (part one)

Watanabe

Tonori

Aizawa

2003

Environ Health Prev Med

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Multiple chemical sensitivity/idiopathic environmental intolerance (MCS/IEI) is a commonly used diagnostic term for a group of symptoms. These symptoms have been described and commented on for more than 15 years in the USA. Recently, it has also been observed in Japan. The main features of this syndrome are multiple symptoms involving in multiple organ systems that are precipitated by a variety of chemical substances with relapses and exacerbation under certain conditions when exposed to very low levels which do not affect the population at large. There are no laboratory markers or specific investigative findings. Although traditional medical organizations have not agreed on a definition for this syndrome due to the lack of obvious evidence to demonstrate the existence of these symptoms, it is being increasingly recognized. It constitutes an increasing percentage of the caseload at occupational/environmental medical clinics.Part one of this review article discusses pathophysiological theories, substances which cause symptoms, prevalence in the general and specific populations, past history and family history, and clinical symptoms of MCS/IEI patients.

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“…36 Recently, Kipen et al published a small scale evaluation of 11 chemically sensitive patients. 37 The authors refer to the work of Levin and Byers as "asserting that MCS was a disorder of immune regulation" although this is less apparent in the original source where much of the work reported relates to patient groups with specific chemical sensitivities. Kipen et al are rightly cautious about drawing conclusions from such a small study group although they do favour the idea that patients with MCS tend to have diVerent immune patterns.…”

Section: Immunological Deficitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of multiple chemical sensitivity.

Graveling¹,

Pilkington²,

George³

et al. 1999

Occup Environ Med

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Objective-To review critically the scientific literature on multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). Definitions of MCS vary but, for this review, a broad definition of MCS was adopted as symptoms in more than one organ system elicited by various unrelated chemicals at very low levels of exposure. Methods-A systematic literature search identified several hundred references from which key papers were selected. Two questions are considered, does MCS exist and what causes MCS. Results and conclusions-Despite extensive literature on the existence of MCS, there is no unequivocal epidemiological evidence; quantitative exposure data are singularly lacking; and qualitative exposure data are, at best, patchy. There is also some evidence to suggest that MCS is sometimes used as an indiscriminate diagnosis for undiagnosed disorders. Despite this, the collated evidence suggests that MCS does exist although its prevalence generally seems to be exaggerated. Many causal mechanisms have been proposed, some suggesting a physical originsuch as MCS reflecting an immunological overload (total body load)-others favouring a psychological basis-such as MCS symptoms being evoked as part of a conditioned response to previous trauma. The available evidence seems most strongly to support a physical mechanism involving sensitisation of part of the midbrain known as the limbic system. However, it is increasingly being recognised that the psychological milieu of a person can considerably influence physical illness, either through generating a predisposition to disease or in the subsequent prognosis. Work is needed to establish the prevalence of MCS and to confirm or refute selected causal mechanisms. (Occup Environ Med 1999;56:73-85)

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Immunologic Evaluation of Chemically Sensitive Patients

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

Chemical sensitivity: the scientific literature.

Chemical sensitivity: the scientific literature.

Multiple chemical sensitivity and idiopathic environmental intolerance (part one)

A review of multiple chemical sensitivity.

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