Immunological and Clinical Benefits of Maternal Immunization Against Pertussis: A Systematic Review

Switzer, Charlotte; D’Heilly, Caroline; Macina, Denis

doi:10.1007/s40121-019-00264-7

Cited by 46 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the study highlights the need to urgently consider measures to reduce the high infant mortality rate, with specific consideration for maternal vaccination. There is now strong evidence to showing that immunisation of pregnant women, even when given as early as the second trimester, is safe for both the mother and the foetus and induces sufficient transplacental antibodies to protect the young infant still too young to complete primary immunisation schedule for pertussis [119,120]. In their recommendation, the GPI in addition to prioritising surveillance and increasing overall vaccine coverage made this an urgent area of action for LMICs [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The burden of laboratory-confirmed pertussis in low- and middle-income countries since the inception of the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) in 1974: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Muloiwa

Kagina

Engel

et al. 2020

BMC Med

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Background: An effective vaccine against Bordetella pertussis was introduced into the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) by WHO in 1974, leading to a substantial global reduction in pertussis morbidity and mortality. In low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), however, the epidemiology of pertussis remains largely unknown. This impacts negatively on pertussis control strategies in these countries. This study aimed to systematically and comprehensively review published literature on the burden of laboratory-confirmed pertussis in LMICs over the 45 years of EPI. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for relevant literature (1974 to December 2018) using common and MeSH terms for pertussis. Studies using PCR, culture or paired serology to confirm Bordetella pertussis and parapertussis in symptomatic individuals were included if they had clearly defined numerators and denominators to determine prevalence and mortality rates. Results: Eighty-two studies (49,167 participants) made the inclusion criteria. All six WHO regions were represented with most of the studies published after 2010 and involving mainly upper middle-income countries (n = 63; 77%). PCR was the main diagnostic test after the year 2000. The overall median point prevalence of PCR-confirmed Bordetella pertussis was 11% (interquartile range (IQR), 5-27%), while culture-confirmed was 3% (IQR 1-9%) and paired serology a median of 17% (IQR 3-23%) over the period. On average, culture underestimated prevalence by 85% (RR = 0.15, 95% CI, 0.10-0.22) compared to PCR in the same studies. Risk of pertussis increased with HIV exposure [RR, 1.4 (95% CI, 1.0-2.0)] and infection [RR, 2.4 (95% CI, 1.1-5.1)]. HIV

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The burden of laboratory-confirmed pertussis in low- and middle-income countries since the inception of the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) in 1974: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Muloiwa

Kagina

Engel

et al. 2020

BMC Med

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“…Greater knowledge on ways to activate the immature immune system early will enable the development of vaccines for newborns. Moreover, immunization of pregnant women may help to enhance neonatal protection against several pathogens 321 .…”

Section: Immunotherapy For Covid-19 Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human immunology and immunotherapy: main achievements and challenges

2020

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The immune system is a fascinating world of cells, soluble factors, interacting cells, and tissues, all of which are interconnected. The highly complex nature of the immune system makes it difficult to view it as a whole, but researchers are now trying to put all the pieces of the puzzle together to obtain a more complete picture. The development of new specialized equipment and immunological techniques, genetic approaches, animal models, and a long list of monoclonal antibodies, among many other factors, are improving our knowledge of this sophisticated system. The different types of cell subsets, soluble factors, membrane molecules, and cell functionalities are some aspects that we are starting to understand, together with their roles in health, aging, and illness. This knowledge is filling many of the gaps, and in some cases, it has led to changes in our previous assumptions; e.g., adaptive immune cells were previously thought to be unique memory cells until trained innate immunity was observed, and several innate immune cells with features similar to those of cytokine-secreting T cells have been discovered. Moreover, we have improved our knowledge not only regarding immune-mediated illnesses and how the immune system works and interacts with other systems and components (such as the microbiome) but also in terms of ways to manipulate this system through immunotherapy. The development of different types of immunotherapies, including vaccines (prophylactic and therapeutic), and the use of pathogens, monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, cytokines, and cellular immunotherapies, are changing the way in which we approach many diseases, especially cancer.

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“…There is increasing momentum to develop and implement vaccination of women during pregnancy (also called maternal immunization) to prevent specific infections of particular relevance to pregnancy and the newborn (Zaman et al, 2008;Lindsey et al, 2012;Saso and Kampmann, 2016;Switzer et al, 2019). This approach nurtures a 'gift of nature, ' whereby antibody is transferred from mother to fetus during pregnancy, via the placenta or postnatally in breast milk, in order to provide passive protection against pathogens in the first few months of life.…”

Section: Can We Achieve Even More With Vaccines?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Immunization: Nature Meets Nurture

Saso

Kampmann

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Vaccinating women in pregnancy (i.e., maternal immunization) has emerged as a promising tool to tackle infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This approach nurtures a 'gift of nature,' whereby antibody is transferred from mother to fetus transplacentally during pregnancy, or postnatally in breast milk, thereby providing passive, antigenspecific protection against infections in the first few months of life, a period of increased immune vulnerability for the infant. In this review, we briefly summarize the rationale for maternal immunization programs and the landscape of vaccines currently in use or in the pipeline. We then direct the focus to the underlying biological phenomena, including the main mechanisms by which maternally derived antibody is transferred efficiently to the infant, at the placental interface or in breast milk; important research models and methodological approaches to interrogate these processes, particularly in the context of recent advances in systems vaccinology; the potential biological and clinical impact of high maternal antibody titres on neonatal ontogeny and subsequent infant vaccine responses; and key vaccine-and host-related factors influencing the maternal-infant dyad across different environments. Finally, we outline important gaps in knowledge and suggest future avenues of research on this topic, proposing potential strategies to ensure optimal testing, delivery and implementation of maternal vaccination programs worldwide.

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Immunological and Clinical Benefits of Maternal Immunization Against Pertussis: A Systematic Review

Cited by 46 publications

References 67 publications

The burden of laboratory-confirmed pertussis in low- and middle-income countries since the inception of the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) in 1974: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The burden of laboratory-confirmed pertussis in low- and middle-income countries since the inception of the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) in 1974: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Human immunology and immunotherapy: main achievements and challenges

Maternal Immunization: Nature Meets Nurture

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