Immunological and histological study of T- and B-lymphocyte activity in canine visceral leishmaniosis

Martı́nez-Moreno, A.; Martínez-Cruz, M.S.; Blanco, Aracelys; Hernández-Rodríguez, S.

doi:10.1016/0304-4017(93)90195-s

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A recent report of a decrease in circulating B cells in SD dogs [11] could be explained by the selective migration of this cell population to the lymphoid organs or by loss of the CD21 B cell marker and, therefore, a decrease in B cells in lymphoid tissues [9]. Analysis of lymphoid organs from dogs naturally infected with Leishmania revealed enhanced areas of B cells, mainly plasma cells, associated with the increased production of anti- Leishmania antibodies as determined by serological tests [9], [14], [32]. These findings suggest that the migration of B cells from peripheral blood into lymphoid tissues might be occurring during active CVL, with activation and differentiation of these cells in the plasma cells and consequential polyclonal activity leading to a high production of anti- Leishmania antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Clinical Status and Parasite Load on Erythropoiesis and Leucopoiesis in Dogs Naturally Infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi

et al. 2011

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BackgroundThe bone marrow is considered to be an important storage of parasites in Leishmania-infected dogs, although little is known about cellular genesis in this organ during canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL).Methodology/Principal FindingsThe aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in erythropoiesis and leucopoiesis in bone marrow aspirates from dogs naturally infected with Leishmania chagasi and presenting different clinical statuses and bone marrow parasite densities. The evolution of CVL from asymptomatic to symptomatic status was accompanied by increasing parasite density in the bone marrow. The impact of bone marrow parasite density on cellularity was similar in dogs at different clinical stages, with animals in the high parasite density group. Erythroid and eosinophilic hypoplasia, proliferation of neutrophilic precursor cells and significant increases in lymphocytes and plasma cell numbers were the major alterations observed. Differential bone marrow cell counts revealed increases in the myeloid:erythroid ratio associated to increased numbers of granulopoietic cells in the different clinical groups compared with non-infected dogs.ConclusionsAnalysis of the data obtained indicated that the assessment of bone marrow constitutes an additional and useful tool by which to elaborate a prognosis for CVL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Clinical Status and Parasite Load on Erythropoiesis and Leucopoiesis in Dogs Naturally Infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi

et al. 2011

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“…The presence of plasma cells associated with A. vasorum infection is, to our knowledge, described for the first time. Particularly leishmaniosis and ehrlichiosis are reported to be associated with intensive B-cell activation and massive presence of plasma cells in concerned tissues in dogs (Kuehn and Gaunt 1985;Martínez-Moreno et al 1993) but this did not implicit the presence of plasma cells in the peripheral blood circulation. However, it can be expected that plasma cells could be detectable since A. vasorum infection induced the production of circulating antibodies De Oliveira Vasconcelos et al 2008;Verzberger-Epshtein et al 2008).…”

Section: Pre-treatmentmentioning

confidence: 96%

Clinical, laboratory and pathological findings in dogs experimentally infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum

et al. 2010

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The aim of this comparative study was to investigate the development of clinical signs and accompanying haematological, coproscopic and pathological findings as a basis for the monitoring of health condition of Angiostrongylus vasorum infected dogs. Six beagles were orally inoculated with 50 (n=3) or 500 (n=3) A. vasorum third stage larvae (L3) obtained from experimentally infected Biomphalaria glabrata snails. Two dogs were treated with moxidectin/imidacloprid spot-on solution and two further dogs with an oral experimental compound 92 days post infection (dpi), and were necropsied 166 dpi. Two untreated control dogs were necropsied 97 dpi. Prepatency was 47-49 days. Dogs inoculated with 500 L3 exhibited earlier (from 42 dpi) and more severe respiratory signs. Clinical signs resolved 12 days after treatment and larval excretion stopped within 20 days in all four treated dogs. Upon necropsy, 10 and 170 adult worms were recovered from the untreated dogs inoculated with 50 and 500 L3, respectively. Adult worms were also found in two treated dogs, in the absence of L1 or eggs. Despite heavy A. vasorum infection load and severe pulmonary changes including vascular thrombosis, only mild haematological changes were observed. Eosinophilia was absent but the presence of plasma cells was observed. Neutrophilic leucocytes showed a transient increase but only after treatment. Signs for coagulopathies were slight; nevertheless coagulation parameters were inoculation dose dependent. Ten weeks after treatment pulmonary fibrosis was still present. Infections starting from 50 L3 of A. vasorum had a massive impact on lung tissues and therefore on the health of affected dogs, particularly after prepatency, although only mild haematological abnormalities were evident.

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“…We wanted to determine if the route of delivery or quantity of parasites delivered would influence the subsequent parasite-induced humoral and cellular immune responses. Furthermore, because previous studies of naturally infected dogs showed strong cellular immune responses in the dogs that did not progress to full blown VL, but weak cellular and strong antibody responses in those with progressive disease, 8,13,[22][23][24] we wanted to compare the responses of symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs. An antigen-specific IgG response following infection with L. chagasi was detected at the 2 mo p.i.…”

Section: Clinical Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, Parasitologic, and Immunologic Evolution in Dogs Experimentally Infected with Sand Fly-Derived Leishmania chagasi Promastigotes

Travi¹,

Osorio²,

Saldarriaga³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Experimental infection of dogs with Leishmania infantum has yielded heterogeneous clinical, parasitologic, and immunologic results. We studied dogs infected with 10 5 or 10 4 sand fly-derived promastigotes delivered by the intradermal (ID) or intravenous (IV) routes. Total mortality over 1 year post-infection reached 23.8%. The mortality and proportion of sustained polysymptomatic dogs was highest in the IV-10 5 group. The early appearance of polysymptoms was associated with an increased risk of progression to death. Dissemination of the parasite to lymph nodes was faster, and the subsequent infectivity to sand flies higher, in the IV compared with ID-infected dogs. Parasite-specific IgG1 or IgG2 production was similar among the groups, but higher interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression was associated with polysymptomatic dogs. On the basis of the data obtained from this study, a sample size analysis using different endpoints for future vaccine trials is described.

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Immunological and histological study of T- and B-lymphocyte activity in canine visceral leishmaniosis

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Influence of Clinical Status and Parasite Load on Erythropoiesis and Leucopoiesis in Dogs Naturally Infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi

Influence of Clinical Status and Parasite Load on Erythropoiesis and Leucopoiesis in Dogs Naturally Infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi

Clinical, laboratory and pathological findings in dogs experimentally infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum

Clinical, Parasitologic, and Immunologic Evolution in Dogs Experimentally Infected with Sand Fly-Derived Leishmania chagasi Promastigotes

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